Bagnall and collegues1 report a technique to investigate an inversion that disrupts the factor VIII (F8) gene and that represents a frequent cause of severe hemophilia A. This large genomic rearrangement, identified for the first time by Brinke et al2 in 2 haemophilic monozygotic twins, affects intron 1 of the F8 gene. Bagnall et al1 demonstrated that this inversion of intron 1 derives from a h...

Conditions enabling the single-step preparative synthesis of chiral 4-fluoropolyhydro-2H-chromenes in good yields through a reaction between monoterpenoid alcohols with para-menthane skeleton and aldehydes were developed for the first time. The BF3·Et2O/H2O system is used both as a catalyst and as a fluorine source. The reaction can involve aliphatic aldehydes as well as aromatic aldehydes cont...

Abstract This communication gives an overview of the relationships between four reactions that although related were not always perceived as such: S N 2, Walden, Finkelstein, and Menshutkin. Binary interactions (S 2 & Menshutkin, Walden Menshutkin Finkelstein) reported. Carbon, silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus central atoms fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides lateral considered. Theoretica...

Using a recently developed inhomogeneous, macroscopic model for long DNA bound to proteins, we examine topological and geometric aspects of DNA/protein structures and dynamics on various stages of the Hin inversion pathway. This biological reaction involves exchange of DNA in a synaptic complex that brings together several DNA sites bound to Hin dimers as well as Fis enhancers. Brownian dynamic...

The nucleophilic substitution of alkyl fluorides was achieved in the intramolecular reactions with O- and N-nucleophiles. The intramolecular defluorinative cyclization reaction was influenced by the nature of nucleophiles, the size of the ring to be formed, and the comformational rigidity of the precursors. Intermolecular nucleophilic substitution reactions of alkyl fluorides under similar reac...

An iterative predictor-corrector technique for the elimination of the approximate factorization errors which result from the factorization of linearized 0-methods in multidimensional reaction~iiffusion equations is proposed, and its convergence and linear stability are analyzed. Four approximate factorization techniques which do not account for the approximate factorization errors are developed...

 Ab initio calculations were employed to investigate nitrogen inversion as a configuration change that can supply an infinitely useful switchable control mechanism for some <span style="letter-sp...

Here in, an application of a new seismic inversion algorithm in one of Iran’s oilfields is described. Stochastic (geostatistical) seismic inversion, as a complementary method to deterministic inversion, is perceived as contribution combination of geostatistics and seismic inversion algorithm. This method integrates information from different data sources with different scales, as prior informat...

While cryotherapy has direct physiological effects on contractile tissues, the extent to which joint cooling affects the neuromuscular system is not well understood. The purpose of the study was to detect changes in ankle dynamic restraint (peroneal short latency response and muscle activity amplitude) during inversion perturbation following ankle joint cryotherapy. A 2x3 factorial design was u...