The accuracy of the dose planning system (Leksell GammaPlan), used in Gamma Knife (type B) radiosurgery at extreme irradiation depths, was verified using the Monte Carlo technique. EGS4 Monte Carlo calculations were employed to calculate the dose distribution along the x, y and z axes for an irradiation relatively shallow in a spherical bony cavity water phantom. Two different sizes of the coll...

A melanoma patient with brain metastases was treated by gamma-knife radiosurgery and immunotherapy with autologous tumor-lysate-loaded dendritic cells (DC). Ten years after the combined treatment, the patient remains in complete remission. Remarkable immunologic correlates to the clinical development were the transient induction of NY-ESO-1 antibody and the durable expansion of MAGE-A1p161-169 ...

Introduction: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is one of the conformal radiotherapy methods and Gamma Knife is a non-invasive SRS technique to treat intracranial lesions with 201 Co- 60 sources without need to surgery and bleeding. Beam penumbra phenomenon leads to irradiation outside the field and normal tissues. Therefore, considering it is momentous to attain the acceptable t...

nelson’s syndrome nowadays a rare entity results from an adrenocorticotropin (acth)–secreting pituitary adenoma in patients with refractory cushing's disease after a therapeutic bilateral adrenal gland removal. we report a case of 25 year old female with cushing’s disease who was initially managed with medical treatment, but in view of severe persistent hyper cortisol state was subjected t...

Many patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy continue to have seizures despite medical therapy. For these patients, one recourse is surgical resection of the mesial temporal lobe, with its attendant risks. Noninvasive treatment with Gamma Knife radiosurgery is under active investigation as a possible alternative to open surgery. Accumulated evidence from multiple studies shows radiosurgery ...

OBJECT The use of radiosurgery in the treatment of acoustic neuromas has increased substantially during the last decade. Most published experience relates to the use of the gamma knife. In this report, the authors review the methods and results of linear accelerator (LINAC) radiosurgery in 44 patients with acoustic neuromas who were treated between 1993 and 1997. METHODS Computerized tomograp...

An inverse treatment planning system for Gamma Knife radiosurgery has been developed using nonlinear programming techniques. The system optimizes the shot sizes, locations, and weights for Gamma Knife treatments. In the patient's prescription, the user can specify both the maximum number of shots of radiation and a minimum isodose line that must surround the entire treatment volume. After satis...

Stereotactic radiosurgery is used to treat benign tumours, but its long-term effects are not fully understood. Here we describe a vestibular schwannoma that underwent malignant transformation 6 years after gamma knife radiosurgery applied to the tumour remnant after a primary resection. Histological specimens of the original specimen did not show any atypical features. Genotyping showed a TP53 ...

We report a patient who underwent gamma knife radiosurgery to treat recurrent meningioma after microsurgery and thereafter developed secondary malignancy adjacent to the original tumor. A 47-year-old woman had underwent resection of the olfactory groove meningioma. Then radiosurgery was done three times over 4 year period for the recurrent tumor. After 58 months from the initial radiosurgery, s...

BACKGROUND We report the use of salvage radiosurgery to manage an aggressive olfactory neuroblastoma (esthesioneuroblastoma) with multiple recurrences and intracranial extension. CASE PRESENTATION A 43-year-old Caucasian woman presented 11 years ago with progressive nasal blockage and headaches. A necrotic polyp originating in her left middle meatus and extending to the ethmoid air cells and ...