The magnetic compass of migratory birds has been suggested to be light-dependent. Retinal cryptochrome-expressing neurons and a forebrain region, "Cluster N", show high neuronal activity when night-migratory songbirds perform magnetic compass orientation. By combining neuronal tracing with behavioral experiments leading to sensory-driven gene expression of the neuronal activity marker ZENK duri...

An analytical expression is derived for the cuto€ rigidity of cosmic rays arriving at a point in an arbitrary direction, when the main geomagnetic ®eld is approximated by that of an eccentric dipole. This expression is used to determine changes in geomagnetic cuto€s due to secular variation of the geomagnetic ®eld since 1835. E€ects of westward drift of the quadrupole ®eld and decrease in the e...

A visualization system of spatial electromagnetic environment was designed and realized. The system realized 2D and 3D visualization of electromagnetic field with electromagnetic distribution situation, isograms, and propagation direction and path. The application result shows that the prototype system can provide the user an efficient visualization tool of spatial electromagnetic environment. ...

A nonlinear autoregressive approach with exogenous input is used as a novel method for statistical forecasting of the disturbance storm time index, a measure of space weather related to the ring current which surrounds the Earth, and fluctuations in disturbance storm time field strength as a result of incoming solar particles. This ring current produces a magnetic field which opposes the planet...

To enhance the quality and near real time production of K-based planetary magnetic activity indices, such as am, and longitude-sector indices, aλ, there is a requirement for local three-hourly K index values from the South Atlantic observatory at Port Stanley. We describe the computer algorithm used to estimate the solar regular variation, SR, and techniques used to establish the parameters req...

A detailed analysis of the f oF2 data at the Sverdlovsk station is performed to answer the question: whether the long-term trends of the F2-layer parameter detected recently are mainly due to the long-term changes in geomagnetic activity during the recent decades. Two methods to derive trends independent of geomagnetic activity are developed. It is found that both methods agree well and give a ...

Solar cycle variations of the amplitudes of the 27day solar rotation period reflected in the geomagnetic activity index Ap, solar radio flux F10.7 cm and critical frequency foF2 for mid-latitude ionosonde station Moscow from the maximum of sunspot cycle 18 to the maximum of cycle 23 are examined. The analysis shows that there are distinct enhancements of the 27-day amplitudes for foF2 and Ap in...

There is an increasing amount of evidence linking biological effects to solar and geomagnetic disturbances. A series of studies is published referring to the changes in human physiological responses at different levels of geomagnetic activity. In this study, the possible relation between the daily variations of cosmic ray intensity, measured by the Neutron Monitor at the Cosmic Ray Station of t...

By simulating the geomagnetic fields and analyzing thevariation of intensities, this paper presents a model for calculating the objective function ofan Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV)geomagnetic navigation task. By investigating the biologically inspired strategies, the AUV successfullyreachesthe destination duringgeomagnetic navigation without using the priori geomagnetic map. Similar to t...