This paper reports a self-aligned three-dimensional process (3D-SOULE) that incorporates batch-mode micro ultrasonic machining (μUSM), lapping and micro electro-discharge machining (μEDM) for fabrication of concave and mushroom-shaped spherical structures from hard and brittle materials. To demonstrate the process, 1 mm structures are fabricated from glass and ruby spheres. The μEDM technique i...

This paper describes the work done in an attempt to integrate ultrasonic sensors in micro-fluidic channels. We have developed a system with fluidic channels having embedded zinc oxide transducers. A zinc oxide film is deposited on a glass substrate and is sandwiched between two electrodes. The transducers made are found to resonate at 400 MHz in thickness mode. The channels are made both from P...

Apatite-wollastonite (A-W)-phlogopite glass-ceramic is considered to be difficult to resorb, but often, it has been incorporated in particulate form to create new bioactive composites for potential maxillofacial applications. With various compositions, the present work has attempted to prepare apatite-wollastonite (A-W)-phlogopite glass ceramic composites, by applying sintering. Here, three-poi...

We demonstrate a novel optoelectronic tweezer using light induced dielectrophoresis mechanism to optically trap and transport micro particles with optical power in the pW range. This device consists of two pattem-less surfaces: a bottom glass substrate coated with photoconductive material and a top transparent indium-tin-oxide (ITO) glass. To achieve optical trapping, we sandwich the liquid-imm...

We demonstrate a novel optoelectronic tweezer using light induced dielectrophoresis mechanism to optically trap and transport micro particles with optical power in the μW range. This device consists of two pattern-less surfaces: a bottom glass substrate coated with photoconductive material and a top transparent indium-tin-oxide (ITO) glass. To achieve optical trapping, we sandwich the liquid-im...

We present a simple method applicable to common-path Fourier domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) in which the tissue surface is used as the reference arm. We propose using aluminium hydroxide powder as a potential tissue surface diffuser to allow wider application of this method. This technique allows one to avoid placing a reference arm reflective element, such as glass plate, on tissue,...

While ceramics are important materials for electronic and microsystem packaging, they are difficult to pattern lithographically. LEEDUS, a fabrication process combining lithography, electroplating, batch mode micro electro-discharge machining (µEDM) and batch mode micro ultrasonic machining (µUSM), is presented in this paper. This technology provides die-scale pattern transfer capability from l...

A method is described for the concentration of Salmonella from water. As is done with enterovirus, Salmonella bacteria were concentrated from water in two steps: by pH 3.5 adsorption on and pH 9.5 elution from 8-micron porosity micro-fiber glass filter tubes. This method worked in less than 30 min, and Salmonella typhimurium was inactivated only slightly in spite of rapid pH variations (pH 3.5 ...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the microtensile bond strengths (µ TBS) of three core materials with one lithium disilicate reinforced ceramic using two resin cements. Methods: Three core materials (Nulite F® (Biodental Technologies), Filtek Z250® (3M-ESPE), Prettau-Anterior® (Zirkonzhan, Germany)) were prepared as blocks (10×10×4 mm3) according...

There is a great deal of interests and efforts in the area of femtosecond (fs) laser direct writing of transparent materials, which shows promise to be a powerful and flexible technique for rapid fabrication of photonic micro-device, such as gratings, waveguides and optical amplifiers. Waveguide properties depend critically on the sample material properties and writing laser characteristics. In...