abstract this study examines the relationship between reading anxiety and difficulty of texts as well as the relationship between reading anxiety and students perceived difficulty of the texts. since difficulty is a relative concept, i limited its definition by sticking to the readability formula. we also took students perceived difficulty levels into account. therefore, in the present study, ...

Present study was done aimed to identify the techniques of improving the heads of Islamic Azad university branches and ranking them effectiveness in order to promotion of professional ability. Study methodology was descriptive survey that was performed in qualitative and quantitative parts. Statistical population in the qualitative part was includes present and past heads of Guilan Islamic Azad...

Frequency of oral mucosal pigmentation among patients referred to the faculty of dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences Dr. M. Rabiei* - Dr. R. Nasrin***-Assistant Professor of Oral Diseases and Diagnosis Dept. – Faculty of Dentistry – Guilan University of Medical Sciences. **- Dentist. Background and Aim: Frequency of pigmentation is different among various ethnic groups. The aim of ...

abstract recent studies suggest that prelistening activities play an important role in the development of listening comprehension (e.g. long 1990;chiang and dunkel 1992; schmidt-rinehart 1994; jensen and hansen 1995; robinson et al., 1995; buck, 1995; foster and skehan,1996; teng 1996; robinson, 2001; chang and read 2006). in line with previous studies and to shed light on a new aspect of sche...

abstract: advertisements are the most accessible type of authentic materials, and this is one reason why they are used more and more in english teaching classes. for this cause, studies in the field of advertisements are very widespread nowadays. for pun is one aspect which makes advertisements more interesting, it is used more than before in advertisements. use of puns makes an advertisement m...