BACKGROUND Data on survival endpoints are usually summarised using either hazard ratio, cumulative number of events, or median survival statistics. Network meta-analysis, an extension of traditional pairwise meta-analysis, is typically based on a single statistic. In this case, studies which do not report the chosen statistic are excluded from the analysis which may introduce bias. METHODS In...

The authors studied the time-dependent association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) among women enrolled in a cohort study in Brazil (1993-2002), using repeated Papanicolaou cytologic examination and HPV testing by polymerase chain reaction. Through simulation with conceivable alternative cohort designs, they investigated different regressi...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Scarce research has been performed in ambulatory patients with chronic heart failure in the Mediterranean area. Our aim was to describe survival trends in our target population and the impact of prognostic factors. METHODS We carried out a population-based retrospective cohort study in Catalonia (north-east Spain) of 5659 ambulatory patients (60% women; mean age 77...

For random variables with Archimedean copula or survival copula, we develop the reversed hazard rate order and the hazard rate order on sample extremes in the context of proportional reversed hazard models and proportional hazard models, respectively. The likelihood ratio order on sample maximum is also investigated for the proportional reversed hazard model. Several numerical examples are pres...

Batiaghata Upazila, Khulna District in south-west coastal region of Bangladesh is the mostly saline affected area, where agriculture activities are mainly dependent on rainfall. 23 water samples from surface water and shallow tube well (STW) were collected in the monsoon season and analyzed for physico-chemical properties to classify them according to salinity hazard. Electrical Conductivity (E...

BACKGROUND in order to describe the prevalence and prognostic implications of chronic bronchitis in individuals 65 years or older we analysed data from The Copenhagen City Heart Study. METHODS the population was studied in 1976-1978 resurveyed in 1981-1983 and 1991-1994 and followed with regard to survival for up to 12 years. Approximately 3,700 elderly participants with a mean age of 76 year...

BACKGROUND Despite the well-established power of frailty to predict mortality, and the known associations of socioeconomic status (SES) with mortality, it is largely unknown whether the linkage between frailty and mortality varies across different SES groups. This study aims to investigate whether SES moderates the association between frailty and mortality. METHODS We relied on the 2008/2009 ...

The authors tested the hypothesis that smoking exerts a protective effect on Alzheimer's disease or dementia in a population-based cohort of 668 people aged 75-101 years (Sweden). Smoking was negatively associated with prevalent Alzheimer's disease (adjusted odds ratio = 0.6, 95% confidence interval 0.4-1.1) and dementia (adjusted odds ratio = 0.6, 95% confidence interval 0.4-1.0). Over 3-year ...

In this cohort study, the association between early exposure to dogs and farm animals and the risk of asthma was evaluated and included all children born in Sweden. The association was assessed as the odds ratio (OR) for a current diagnosis of asthma at age 6 years for schoolaged children and as the hazard ratio (HR) for incident asthma at ages 1 to 5 years for preschool-aged children. The prim...