A streptococcus epidemic of moderate extent and severity was characterized by clinical symptoms different from the usual septic sore throat, though the organism found was culturally Streptococcus epidemicus. The infection was traced to the milk from a single quarter of the udder of a cow in a dairy of 112 cows producing an otherwise excellent grade of raw milk. A number of the milkers on the da...

The modern dairy cow has been selected over generations for high milk production, with many successful dairy operations averaging over 13,500 kg of milk per lactation cycle per cow. This amount of nutrient output in the form of milk components puts a tremendous amount of pressure on the metabolism of the dairy cow, especially during early lactation. In fact, it is common to all mammals, includi...

This study investigated the relationships of thyroid hormones, serum energy metabolites, reproductive parameters, milk yield and body condition score with the different patterns of postpartum luteal activity in the postpartum period. A total of 75 multiparous healthy (free of detectable reproductive disorders) Holstein dairy cows (mean peak milk yield = 56.5 ± 7.0 kg/day) were used in this stud...

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of puerperal metritis prevalence in high yielding Holstein cows on productive (305 days, actual milk yields), reproductive (days to first estrus, days open and services per conception) variables and culling rates. Throughout the study, 2885 dairy records were collected from high yielding private Holstein dairy farm (average milk yield was u...

Intramammary infections of dairy cows with Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus (major cause of mastitis) have received a lot of attention because of their major economic impact on the dairy farm through production losses induced by an increase in somatic cell count. Management strategies, including greater awareness for efficient milking and hygienic measures, have limited the ...

No report has been published on the economical losses associated with errors in oestrus detection in cows under Iranian intensive dairy management. The following study was carried out to determine the accuracy of oestrus detection by farmers using artificial insemination in Shiraz dairy farms. Milk samples were collected from 179 Holstein milking cows at the time of artificial insemination. Mil...

Relative effects of Beef Quality Assurance (BQA)-related defects in market beef and dairy cows and bulls on selling price at auction was evaluated during 2008. The presence and severity of 23 BQA-related traits were determined during sales in Idaho, California, and Utah. Overall, 18,949 unique lots consisting of 23,479 animals were assessed during 125 dairy sales and 79 beef sales. Mean sale pr...

Results from the USDA:APHIS:VS National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Dairy 2002 survey reported that approximately 5% of dairy cows die, onfarm, across the country each year. This is a very high death rate compared with that of beef cows or feedlot animals, where annual death rates were estimated at 1 to1.5%. In the NAHMS survey unknown reasons accounted for the largest percentage (2...

Nutrition has an important impact on the reproductive performance of dairy and beef cattle. Energy is the major nutrient required by adult cattle. Inadequate energy intake has a detrimental effect on reproductive activity of female bovine. Cows under negative energy balance have lowered plasma glucose, insulin and IGF-I, reduced peak frequency of LH pulses, lowered plasma progesterone, and impa...