A new Lagrangian sea ice model for the Arctic Ocean has been developed to accommodate the assimilation of integral measures of ice displacement over periods of days or weeks. The model is a two-layer (thick ice and open water) dynamic model with 600–700 cells spaced at roughly 100 km. The force balance equation is solved for each cell with standard wind and water stress terms, a Coriolis term, ...

Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. For more information on Open Research Online's data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policies page. Introduction: Several recent announcements of: i) the discovery of glycine on the comet 81P/Wild-2/P [1, 2]; ii) the successful shock synthesis of prebioti...

The spatial pattern of accumulation rate can be inferred from internal layers in glaciers and ice sheets. Non-dimensional analysis determines where finite strain can be neglected (‘shallow-layer approximation’) or approximated with a local one-dimensional flow model (‘local-layer approximation’), and where gradients in strain rate along particle paths must be included (‘deep layers’). We develo...

By arguing that the surface pressure field over the Arctic Ocean can be treated as an isotropic, stationary, homogeneous, Gaussian random field, Thorndike estimated a number of covariance functions from two years of data (1979 and 1980).Given the active interest in changes of general circulation quantities and indices in the polar regions during the recent few decades, the spatial correlations ...

Both a decrease of sea ice and an increase surface meltwater, which may induce ice-flow speedup frontal collapse, have significant impact on the stability floating shelf in Greenland. However, detailed dynamic precursors drivers prior to fast-calving process remain unclear due sparse remote sensing observations. Here, we present comprehensive investigation hydrological kinematic before calving ...

[1] A new three-dimensional thermomechanically coupled ice sheet model is developed. Contrary to the majority of three-dimensional ice sheet models (shallow ice approximation), higher-order stress gradients (longitudinal and transverse) are accounted for in the force balance equations. The horizontal velocity field is determined from the force balance equations in their ‘‘derivative form’’ (ell...