The Food and drug were developed by pharmacists and physicians, in particular Persian scientists throughout medical history. There was an especial view on the subject of nutrition and medications in Persian medicine (PM). Avicenna was one of the main Persian physicians who contributed to this field in the Canon of medicine “Al-qanun-fi-al-tibb”, his main medical and pharmaceutical text book in ...

natural history of multiple sclerosis. 8: Early prognostic features of the later course of the illness. J Chronic Dis 1977; 30: 819–30. Nagler B, Beebe GW, Kurtzke JF, Kurland LT, Auth TL, Nefzger MD. Studies on the natural history of multiple sclerosis. 1. Design and diagnosis. Acta Neurol Scand 1966; 42: 141–56. Orton SM, Herrera BM, Yee IM, Valdar W, Ramagopalan SV, Sadovnick AD, et al. Sex ...

the sasanian settlements located persian gulf shores proving the economic-political sovereignty of iran over the persian gulf through preislamic era denotes commercial relations between iran and other regions. the remains of sasanian sites and scattered ceramic sherds help us to apprehend the history of the socio-political organization of the persian gulf sphere and recognize the interactions b...

the human knowledge on orthopedics traces back to dawn of the medical history. during the history of medicine, several scholars including persian scientists investigated orthopedics and contributed to its flowering. abu ali al-hussain ibn abdullah ibn-sina is a great persian physician whose opinions on various aspects of medicine, including the science of orthopedics, are so remarkable. in this...

1. Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2. Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 3. Essence of Parsiyan Wisdom Institute, Phytopharmaceutical Technology and Traditional Medicine Incubator, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 4. Dept. of Traditional Persian M...

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BACKGROUND Pertussis or "whooping cough" is an acute, communicable infection of the respiratory tract caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Bordetella pertussis. It has been recorded in history of medicine that the first pertussis epidemic was reported in 1578 by a French scientist, Guillaume de Baillou, in Paris. Furthermore, the causative agent was first isolated in 1906 by Jules Jean Baptist...

Babak Daneshfard, Reza Sanaye, Majid Nimrouzi. Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Department of Traditional Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Essence of Parsiyan Wisdom Institute, Phytopharmaceutical Technology and Traditional Medicine Incubator, Shiraz Un...

This essay explores how a particular medium—the comic—exposes the limitations of conventional narratives about sīyāh bāzī (Persian blackface) and hājī fīrūz (a famous blackface figure). Many commentators disavow racial connotations fīrūz, concocting pseudo-historical genealogies that link improvisatory tradition figure to pre-Islamic practices; thus repress tradition’s obvious resonances with h...