Pressure reduction in liquids may result vaporization and bubble formation—a process known as cavitation. It is commonly observed hydraulic machinery, ship propellers even the context of medical therapy within human body. Although cavitation be beneficial for removal malign tissue, many cases it unwanted due to its ability erode nearly any material close contact. The current understanding that ...

In the conventional multiphase flow, immiscible having a liquid-liquid interface, two liquids are merged in flow path to form interface. The two-phase separation mixed solution has property of phase-separating from one phase phases by changing temperature/pressure, and phase-separates into upper lower batch-type vessel. By while sending this micro-space region, interface is formed obtained. Thi...

A Laser Induced Fluorescence technique (LIF) has been used to study the mixing behavior of two emerging streams in a T-Type mixing chamber. A mixing index on the basis of digital image light intensities is calculated. It has been shown that averaging over more than 800 images leads to a stable mixing index calculation. Moreover, the effect of equal and un-equal flow rates on the mixing behavior...

An emulsion consists of small, spherical droplets of one of two immiscible liquids in the continuous phase of the other. Emulsion droplets usually have an average diameter in the range of 0.1-100 μm. Monodisperse emulsions are useful for measuring, analyzing, and controlling many of their important physical, physicochemical, and organoleptic properties. Monodisperse-emulsion-based materials (e....

Abstract. We consider a system of degenerate parabolic equations modelling a thin film, consisting of two layers of immiscible Newtonian liquids, on a solid horizontal substrate. In addition, the model includes the presence of insoluble surfactants on both the free liquid-liquid and liquid-air interfaces, and the presence of both attractive and repulsive van der Waals forces in terms of the hei...

Novel dual-pipet electrodes prepared by pulling borosilicate theta-tubing are described. Three types of electrochemical experiments employing such devices include the following: (1) generation/collection experiments in which ions are ejected from one of two micropipets ("generator") into the external solution and collected at the second pipet ("collector"), (2) measurements of ohmic current-vol...

We report a microfluidic instrument to rapidly measure the interfacial tension of multi-component immiscible liquids. The measurement principle rests upon the deformation and retraction dynamics of drops under extensional flow and was implemented for the first time in microfluidics (S. D. Hudson et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 2005, 87, 081905 (ref. )). Here we describe in detail the instrument desi...

Oil (liquids with low surface tension and practically immiscible with water) drops can be dispersed in air if relatively oleophobic particles are available. However, such particles with oil-repellent surfaces cannot simply be prepared by controlling the particle surface chemistry alone. Herein the preparation of oil-in-air materials (oil marbles, dry oils) by changing the wetting behavior of pa...

Nanoparticles (NPs) and surfactants can spontaneously concentrate at the interface between two immiscible liquids, such as oil and water. Systems of high oil–water interfacial area, such as emulsions, are the basis of many industries and consumer products. Although NPs and surfactants are currently incorporated into many of these applications, their mutual interfacial behavior is not completely...

We demonstrate a robust method to produce monodisperse femtoliter to attoliter droplets by using a nano-microfluidic device. Two immiscible liquids are forced through a nanochannel where a steady nanoscopic liquid filament forms, thinning close to the nanochannel exit to a microchannel due to the capillary focusing. When the nanoscopic filament enters the microchannel, monodisperse droplets are...