The spectrum of formality, in particular lexical formality, has been relatively unexplored compared to related work in sentiment lexicon induction (Turney and Littman, 2003). In this paper, we test in some detail several corpus-based methods for deriving real-valued formality lexicons, and evaluate our lexicons using relative formality judgments between word pairs. The results of our evaluation...

Recent work for learning word representations has applied successfully to many NLP applications, such as sentiment analysis and question answering. However, most of these models assume a single vector per word type without considering polysemy and homonymy. In this paper, we present an extension to the CBOW model which not only improves the quality of embeddings but also makes embeddings suitab...

Usually, domain knowledge is available at different levels of formality, for example such as documents, data bases, and (business) rules. We argue, that today’s systems limit the knowledge engineering process to a fixed level of formality and expressiveness, respectively, and that these limitations hinder effective knowledge acquisition and use. In consequence, we introduce the knowledge formal...

realism is one of the main concepts of the philosophy that has several meanings and there is no standard application for it in the philosophical texts. issues and problems concerning this concept are numerous and belong to the several contexts such as ontology, semantics, epistemology, logic, methodology, and ethics. therefore, in the definition of this concept you can find several criterions a...

FORMALITY: CONCEPTS, MEASUREMENT, AND TRENDS ..................................................................................... 3 CONCEPTS .................................................................................................................................................................... 3 MEASUREMENT AND TRENDS ....................................................................