the arya and paris model is a commonly accepted method to translate a particle-size distribution curve into a corresponding soil moisture characteristic curve using scaling parameter (α). the scaling parameter, in the original model of arya and paris (1981), was assumed constant (α=1.38) for all soil texture classes. in recent years, several studies have shown that α is not constant and its qua...

Physiologic activity and community structure of planktonic and biofilm microbial communities in an urban river were analyzed using 5-cyano-2,3-ditolyl tetrazolium chloride (CTC) staining, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified 16S rDNA fragments. Respiring bacteria estimated by CTC reducti...

The intensity –duration –frequency (IDF) curves play most important role in watershed management, flood control and hydraulic design of structures. Conventional method for calculating the IDF curves needs hourly rainfall data in different durations which is not extensively available in many regions. Instead 24-hour precipitation statistics were measured in most rain-gauge stations. In this stud...

The Scaling Law for the Discrete Kinetic Growth Percolation Model The critical exponent of the total number of finite clusters α is calculated directly without using scaling hypothesis both below and above the percolation threshold pc based on a kinetic growth percolation model in two and three dimensions. Simultaneously, we can calculate other critical exponents β and γ, and show that the scal...

Typically, to study the effects of consecutive earthquakes, it is necessary to consider definite intensity levels of the first shock. Methods commonly used to define intensity involve scaling the first shock to a specified maximum interstorey drift. In this study the structure’s predefined elastic spectral acceleration caused by the first shock is also considered for scaling. This study aims to...