Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and the newly synthesized Alexa532-ET1 were used to study the dynamics of the endothelin ET(A) receptor-ligand complex alone and under the influence of a semisynthetic selective antagonist and a fungal extract on living A10 cells. Dose-dependent increase of inositol phosphate production was seen for Alexa532-ET1, and its binding was reduced to 8% by the sel...

We investigate the dynamics of a conservative version Conway's Game Life, in which pair consisting dead and living cell can switch their states following rules but only by swapping positions, irrespective mutual distance. Our study is based on square-lattice simulations as well mean-field calculation. As density cells increased, we identify discontinuous phase transition between an inactive pha...

The Ras-specific nucleotide exchange factor Son of sevenless (Sos) is inactive without Ras bound to a distal allosteric site. In contrast, the catalytic domain of Ras guanine nucleotide releasing factor 1 (RasGRF1) is active intrinsically. By substituting residues from RasGRF1 into Sos, we have generated mutants of Sos with basal activity, partially relieved of their dependence on allosteric ac...

GTP-binding proteins from the tubulin family, including alphabeta-tubulin, gamma-tubulin, bacterial tubulin, and FtsZ, are key components of the cytoskeleton and play central roles in chromosome segregation and cell division. The nucleotide switch of alphabeta-tubulin is triggered by GTP hydrolysis and regulates microtubule assembly dynamics. The structural mechanism of the switch and how it mo...

Keller-Segel equations are widely employed to explain chemotaxis-induced bacterial traveling band phenomena. In this system, the dispersal of bacteria is modeled by independently given diffusion and advection terms, growth cell population neglected. paper, we develop a chemotaxis model which consists cross-diffusion growth. particular, consider case that terms form an exact cross-diffusion. The...

Termination of protein synthesis on the ribosome is catalyzed by release factors (RFs), which share a conserved glycine-glycine-glutamine (GGQ) motif. The glutamine residue is methylated in vivo, but a mechanistic understanding of its contribution to hydrolysis is lacking. Here, we show that the modification, apart from increasing the overall rate of termination on all dipeptides, substantially...

We investigate the dynamics of kinetically constrained models of glass formers by analysing the statistics of trajectories of the dynamics, or histories, using large deviation function methods. We show that, in general, these models exhibit a first-order dynamical transition between active and inactive dynamical phases. We argue that the dynamical heterogeneities displayed by these systems are ...