Results: Two-factor repeated measures analysis of variance showed a significant main effect of time for pain intensity, AROM and triple hop distance(P<0.05), and main effect of group for pain intensity and AROM(P<0.05), and interaction effects of group×time for pain intensity and AROM(P<0.05). Post hoc statistical tests showed that mean of pain intensity and AROM was changed by cryotherapy grou...

conclusions our results indicate that changes in muscle thickness and echo intensity are induced by different inward pressures of the transducer during us. when using a technique that involves a handheld transducer, the examiner should attempt to maintain consistent inward pressure of the transducer during us, to quantify the minimal change of the rf mass and composition. results muscle thickne...

BACKGROUND School-based interventions may be effective at increasing levels of physical activity (PA) among adolescents; however, there is a paucity of evidence on whether walking can be successfully promoted to increase PA in this age group. This pilot study aimed to assess the effects of a 12-week school-based peer-led brisk walking programme on levels of school-time PA post intervention. M...

Emotional-intensity is a core characteristic of affective events that strongly determines how individuals choose to regulate their emotions. Our conceptual framework suggests that in high emotional-intensity situations, individuals prefer to disengage attention using distraction, which can more effectively block highly potent emotional information, as compared with engagement reappraisal, which...

This work applies 64,765 simulated seismic ground motions to four models each of 6or 20-story, steel special moment-resisting frame buildings. We consider two vector intensity measures and categorize the building response as “collapsed,” “unrepairable,” or “repairable.” We then propose regression models to predict the building responses from the intensity measures. The best models for “collapse...

This study investigated the acoustic basis of across-utterance, within-speaker variation in speech naturalness for four speakers with dysarthria secondary to Parkinson's disease (PD). Speakers read sentences and produced spontaneous speech. Acoustic measures of fundamental frequency, phrase-final syllable lengthening, intensity and speech rate were obtained. A group of listeners judged speech n...

This letter describes algorithms for global thresholding of grey-tone images which use second-order grey level statistics. Two measures of interaction between classes of intensity levels are defined on simple co-occurance matrices and are used to evaluate and select thresholds. One of these measures is seen to be independent of the grey level histogram and effective in selecting thresholds for ...

In order to be most useful, clinical trials of pain treatments should use measures that are both reliable and valid. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the evidence concerning the validity and reliability of pain measures that can be used in clinical trials of pain treatments. The results of this review indicate that commonly used single-item ratings of pain intensity are all valid and a...