A 46-year-old woman sustained a penetrating left eye (OS) injury after tripping and falling onto a motorcycle antenna. She removed the antenna immediately and presented to the emergency room complaining of diplopia. Examination demonstrated proptosis and subconjunctival hemorrhage OS. Her diplopia was initially attributed to mechanical restriction OS secondary to retrobulbar hemorrhage visualiz...

A 68-year-old male patient was diagnosed with the Wall-eyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO) syndrome accompanied by vertical gaze paralysis due to multiple hemorrhagic foci in the mesencephalon and pons as a result of hypertensive microangiopathy. The hemorrhagic foci could not be detected with standard MRI sequences, but were shown with the susceptibilityweighted imaging (SWI) ...

IntroductionThe facial colliculus is an elevated area located on the dorsal pons in the floor of the 4th ventricle. It is produced by the nucleus of the abducens nerve and the flexure of the facial nerve around it. Any lesion involving the abducens nucleus cause the disorder of internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) which is characterized by ipsilateral adduction deficit and the preservation of abd...

Two unusual cases of monocular pendular nystagmus in patients with multiple sclerosis are reported. One patient showed regular horizontal oscillations of the right eye in abduction, associated with right abduction paresis. The second patient had a similar abnormal eye movement of the left eye in adduction, with partial left internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Such eye position-dependent monocular pen...

We present the case of a 63-year-old woman who had been diagnosed 4 years earlier with multiple sclerosis (MS) according to McDonald criteria due to a clinically isolated demyelinating syndrome and MRI findings of multiple cerebral and brainstem lesions compatible with demyelinating aetiology. She returned to the clinic due to experiencing poor balance and vision changes consisting of diplopia ...

To understand malalignments of the visual axes in one-and-a-half syndrome, we measured eye positions in 4 patients with this syndrome under two conditions: with Frenzel goggles to prevent eye fixation and without Frenzel goggles. When fixation was prevented with the Frenzel goggles, all patients showed mild outward deviation in both eyes. Removal of the Frenzel goggles elicited adduction of the...