BACKGROUND Hephaestin is a multicopper ferroxidase required for basolateral transport of iron from enterocytes. Sex linked anaemia (sla) mice have a defect in the release of iron from intestinal enterocytes into the circulation due to an interstitial deletion in the hephaestin gene (heph). RESULTS We have demonstrated that hephaestin is primarily localised to a supranuclear compartment in bot...

Our study investigated morphological changes in enterocytes of adult Japanese quails that were given cadmium (CdCl2) perorally and individually by tube, dissolved in water at a dose of 0.24 mg Cd per animal per day, for 57 and 118 days. The aim of our study was to observe chronic effects of cadmium on the structure of duodenal epithelium by means of light microscopy (LM) and transmission electr...

Young chicks were inoculated with six different strains of attaching and effacing Escherichia coli isolated from the feces of calves, pigs, chicks, and humans. Colibacilli of some serotypes had colonized the cecum of chicks by 7 days after inoculation. The characteristic lesions associated with bacterial attachment were also seen on the mucosal surface of the cecum. Electron microscopy revealed...

The biochemical hallmark of Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) including type Ia is a defective N-glycosylation of serum glycoproteins. Hypoglycosylated forms of alpha1-antitrypsin have been detected by Western blot in serum from CDG Ia patients. In contrast we were not able to detect hypoglycosylation in alpha1-antitrypsin synthesized by fibroblasts, keratinocytes, enterocytes, and le...

The activity of alkaline phosphatase in the duodenal and jejunal enterocytes was determined in 8-week-old clinically healthy piglets with normal (12 animals, average body weight 15.30 + 0.49 kg) and retarded growth (12 animals, average body weight 5.30 + 0.75 kg). A densitometric analysis was used. A marked decrease in an average density of the alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.001) was observed in t...

When verotoxin (VT)-producing attaching and effacing Escherichia coli (AEEC, serotype O5: H-) were inoculated perorally into 10-day-old rabbits, attaching of the E. coli to enterocytes and effecting of their microvillous portion were observed extensively from the ileum to the colon. Subsequent apoptotic changes of the infected enterocytes were demonstrated by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl trans...

The uptake and metabolism of glucose were assessed in enterocytes isolated from black bullhead Ictalurus melas. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of diet and hormone treatment on glucose transport and metabolism, so the enterocyte was the most appropriate preparation. Glucose transport was estimated using specific inhibitors: glucose uptake measured in the presence of phlor...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Epithelium derived interleukin (IL)-15 signalling via IL-15Ralpha is critical for the development, activation, and survival of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL). We aimed to better understand the IL-15 driven effects on IEL underlying mucosal damage and lymphomagenesis in coeliac disease (CD). METHODS Enterocytes, IEL, and lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC) were isola...

The organic cation/carnitine transporter OCTN2 is responsible for renal tubular reabsorption of its endogenous substrate, carnitine, although its physiological role in small intestine remains controversial. Here we present direct evidence for a predominant role of OCTN2 in small intestinal absorption of carnitine based on experiments with juvenile visceral steatosis (jvs) mice, which have a her...