Abstract We propose a new method, the confidence interval (CI) to select valid instruments from larger set of potential for instrumental variable (IV) estimation causal effect an exposure on outcome. Invalid are such that they fail exclusion conditions and enter model as explanatory variables. The CI method is based CIs per instrument effects estimates selects largest group with all overlapping...

Patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to treat underlying bone marrow pathology represent a unique and potentially high-risk patient population for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study retrospectively reviewed 15 TKA procedures performed on 11 patients with a history of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The authors analyzed patient survivorship; clinica...

The study was conducted to determine the incidence rate, risk factors, and postoperative conditions associated with 30-day readmission after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). A total of 3547 patients who underwent primary TSA were identified from the 2011-2013 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. The 30-day readmission rate was 2.9%. The only preoperative...

OBJECTIVE To establish the prevalence and patterns of self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms in community-dwelling stroke survivors and their impact on common activities of daily living. METHODS Analysis of data from two consecutive postal surveys in northern England. Data on overall joint pain, swelling or stiffness and difficulties with daily living tasks were obtained from 16,222 individua...

BACKGROUND The benefit-risk ratio has been proposed to measure the tradeoff between benefits and risks of two therapies for a single binary measure of efficacy and a single adverse event. The ratio is calculated from the difference in risk and difference in benefit between therapies. Small sample sizes or expected differences in benefit or risk can lead to no solution or problematic solutions f...

Abstract Introduction: Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) are the most common disorders of the jaw, and despite their clinical importance, they are not completely understood. This study was aimed to evaluate the changes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images in disc displacement vs. osteoarthritis of the TMJ. Methods: In this study, 45 patients, inc...