تصمیم گیری در خصوص کنترل و مدیریت آلودگی آب های سطحی، متاثر از مولفه های محیطی، از پیچیدگی های بسیار بالایی برخوردار است. این پیچیدگی ناشی از پویایی محیط و تغییر پذیری مکانی-زمانی بسیار بالا، ابهام و عدم قطعیت در ساختار مفهومی و متغیرهای مورد استفاده در آلودگی، ماهیت غیرمتمرکز آلودگی، ساختار ضعیف و عدم اطمینان در پیش بینی این پدیده، می باشد. در همین راستا در این تحقیق با استفاده از روش های گونا...

the major aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between iq, eq and test format in the light of test fairness considerations. this study took this relationship into account to see if people with different eq and iq performed differently on different test formats. to this end, 90 advanced learners of english form college of ferdowsi university of mashhad were chosen. they were ask...

this study was an attempt to investigate the effect of using c-test passages on the reading comprehension and incidental vocabulary learning of iranian intermediate efl learners. the participants were 60 male efl learners at kish mehr institute in garmsar. in fact, there were two groups, an experimental group and a comparison group with 30 students in each. the participants were pretested throu...

the rationale behind the present study is that particular learning strategies produce more effective results when applied together. the present study tried to investigate the efficiency of the semantic-context strategy alone with a technique called, keyword method. to clarify the point, the current study seeked to find answer to the following question: are the keyword and semantic-context metho...

abstract the variables affecting the nature of reading comprehension can be classified into two general categories: reader’s variables, and text variables (alderson, 2000). despite the wave of research on vocabulary knowledge as reader’s variable, the role of this knowledge in c-test as a text-dependent test and its interaction with lexical cohesion of the test as a text feature has remained a...

testing plays a vital role in any language teaching program. it allows teachers and stakeholders, including program administrators, parents, admissions officers and prospective employers to be assured that the learners are progressing according to an accepted standard (douglas, 2010). the problems currently facing language testers have both practical and theoretical implications but the first i...

this study was an attempt to investigate the effect of subtitling on vocabulary learning among iranian intermediate students. to find the homogeneity of the groups, tofel test was administered to student in kish mehr institute in garmsar. after analyzing the data, 60 participants (female students) who scored within the range of one standard deviation above and below the mean, were selected as h...