A subsidence research program began in 1985 to document the extent and magnitude of land subsidence in Sacramento Valley, California, an area of about 15 600 km, using Global Positioning System (GPS) surveying. A brief description of GPS surveying is followed by a summary of each of four surveys between 1985 and 1989. In addition to periodic conventional spirit levelling, an examination was mad...

Levelling and focussing are well-documented processes, central to the emergence of new dialects, including New Zealand English as a distinct variety in last hundred fifty years. We draw on recent recordings from three areas Auckland examine extent which levelling continue be relevant today. Most work NZ dialect has concentrated phonology; we extend analysis syntax. consider structure relative c...

Lung cancer mortality rates in Spain were calculated for the years 1951 to 1980. Increasing age-standardised rates for men and levelled off ones for women were observed. Available cigarette consumption data suggest that these current trends could change at the beginning of the next century when there may be a levelling off of male rates and an "epidemic" of female lung cancer.

‘Levelling up’ – a policy agenda focused on reducing regional inequalities has become the new mantra in British politics. This paper critiques programme from its emergence 2019 to publication of 2022 levelling up White Paper. While it is welcome recognition gross inequality, local institutions lack capacity deliver, there been little genuine devolution and our analysis shows that funding commit...

New Zealand, unlike most countries, does not have a single national vertical datum. Instead, twelve separate and poorly linked primary levelling networks tied to twelve different tide gauges are used. The current vertical datums are based on the false assumption that mean sea level, measured at the twelve tide gauges, corresponds to the same equipotential surface. Due to the effects of long-per...

Hybrid systems prepared by fixing a Re(i) complex and a dye on three types of TiO2 nanoparticles in two different ways commonly revealed persistent photocatalysis of the CO2 reduction to CO with no levelling-off tendency under visible-light irradiation in DMF, giving a turnover number of ≥435.

In this research paper, we consider wireless sensor networks in which the topology is under the control of the user. There are several applications in this category. We propose a novel levelling and clustering algorithm in such networks. By comparing the algorithm with earlier protocols, performance evaluation is carried out. It is realized that the algorithm can also be used for localization.

Overview The integration of land administration processes and the collaboration of land agencies are considered essential for the effective delivery of developable land for housing production. However, in most countries, housing and land management policies are usually split between multiple government agencies. The background literature suggests that the activities of governments’ agencies tha...