Sensory cortex is able to encode a broad range of stimulus features despite a great variation in signal strength. In cat primary visual cortex (V1), for example, neurons are able to extract stimulus features like orientation or spatial configuration over a wide range of stimulus contrasts. The contrast-invariant spatial tuning found in V1 neuron responses has been modeled as a gain control mech...

The characteristics of a stable and flexible laser system based on a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator (OPO) is presented. This OPO can offer very stable operation with both approximately 1 ps and approximately 300 fs outputs over a broad wavelength range, i.e., 920-1200 nm. Combining the pump tuning with the OPO tuning, a total Raman range of 1900-5500 cm(-1) is accessible. Fo...

We report results of numerical simulations for a model of generation of orientation selectivity in macaque striate cortex. In contrast to previous models, where the initial orientation bias is generated by convergent geniculate input to simple cells and subsequently sharpened by lateral circuits, our approach is based on anisotropic intracortical excitatory connections which provide both the in...

We report results of numerical simulations for a model of generation of orientation selectivity in macaque striate cortex. In contrast to previous models, where the initial orientation bias is generated by convergent geniculate input to simple cells and subsequently sharpened by lateral circuits, our approach is based on anisotropic intracortical excitatory connections which provide both the in...

Receptive fields of midget ganglion cells and parvocellular lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) neurons show color-opponent responses because they receive antagonistic input from the middle- and long-wavelength sensitive cones. It has been controversial as to whether this opponency can derive from random connectivity; if receptive field centers of cells near the fovea are cone-specific due to midg...

In the preceding paper we described the responses of cells in the cat's lateral suprasylvian visual area (LS) to large-field optic flow and texture movies. To assess response properties such as direction selectivity, cells were also tested with moving bar stimuli. We expected that there would be good agreement between response properties elicited with optic flow movies and those revealed with b...

The present study investigated the spatial properties of cells in the postero-lateral lateral suprasylvian (PLLS) area of the cat and assessed their sensitivity to edges defined by motion. A total of one hundred and seventeen (117) single units were isolated. First, drifting sinusoidal gratings were used to assess the spatial properties of the cells' receptive fields and to determine their spat...

The paper discusses the design and performance of a novel type of passive control system used for suppressing unwanted vibrations in civil engineering structures subjected to both lateral and base excitation. The new control system is inspired by the traditional tuned mass damper (TMD) with the modification that the mass is replaced by an inerter. An inerter has a two-terminal flywheel device c...

We apply the recently proposed statistical neural eld approach 4,2] for modeling orientation selectivity in the primary visual cortex. Firstly, we demonstrate that the neural eld approach is a powerful tool for modeling neural structures with speciic lateral connections. Secondly, we test in a biologically more plausible way our hypothesis 1] that orientation bias and tuning in macaque striate ...

Fast and accurate recognition of both the identities and positions of objects in visual space is critical to deciphering visual environments. Studies in both humans and nonhuman primates have demonstrated that neural populations in ventral temporal visual areas are jointly tuned to both the form and position of objects, allowing information about the identities of objects to be "tagged" with th...