The Smart Grid System (SGS) is a joint network comprising the power and communication network. In this paper, underlying intra-and-interdependencies between entities for given SGS captured using dependency model called Modified Implicative Interdependency Model (MIIM) [1]. Given an integer K, K-contingency list problem gives of K-most critical entities, failure which maximizes damage at current...

Objective: The survival of today's organizations in the competitive business environment requires recognizing factors affecting productivity. On one hand, improving the relationship between the leader and his followers has a significant role in improving the efficiency of the organization; on the other hand, the existence of envy at the workplace is one of the intangible factors affecting labor...

The imbalance between accuracy and computational cost is a defect in track association. In response to the defect, the track association problem is transformed into an on-line clustering problem with constraints, and a novel track association algorithm is proposed based on Leader-Follower online clustering. In the algorithm, we take a track as a Leader or a Follower based on its type and make F...

Identifying leader-follower interactions is crucial for understanding how a group decides where or when to move, and how this information is transferred between members. Although many animal groups have a three-dimensional structure, previous studies investigating leader-follower interactions have often ignored vertical information. This raises the question of whether commonly used two-dimensio...

How do a leader and a follower use marketing and R&D differently for resource accumulation, and why? To address the question, we investigate asymmetric incentive structures with respect to marketing and R&D for a leader vs. a follower. In particular, we analyze the resource accumulation paths of Intel and AMD by utilizing 28-year quarterly time series data (1972-1999). In so doing, we adopt Str...

This work considers cooperative advertising in a manufacturer–retailer supply chain. While the manufacturer is the Stackelberg leader, the retailer is the follower. Using Sethi model it models the dynamic effect of the manufacturer and retailer’s advertising efforts on sale. It uses optimal control technique and stochastic differential game theory to obtain the players’ advertising strategies a...

Bilevel programming problems are of growing interest both from a theoretical and a practical points of view. They can be interpreted as certain non-cooperative non-zero sum hierarchical games. Here, one player, the so-called follower, has to solve a parametric optimization problem when computing his decision. If this decision is not uniquely determined, then the other player, the so-called lead...

the performance evaluation and efficiency measurement of software companies and compare them together as a set of knowledge-based activities due to the unknown of internal processes and stages common to these companies and ignoring these processes in performance evaluation by data envelopment analysis models and how to consider these processes and procedures for calculating efficiency of each s...

Accurate maintenance of a geometric configuration between multiple autonomous vehicles can often accomplish objectives impossible for a single vehicle. Much work on formation control in the current literature relies on the leader-follower approach, where some vehicles are designated as leaders while others are designated as followers. The leaders track predefined trajectories, and the followers...

Traffic oscillation, stop and go traffic, is created by different reasons such as: sudden speed drop of leader vehicle. Stop and go traffic commonly is observed in congested freeways results in traffic oscillation. Many theories had been presented to define congestion traffic based on laws of physics such as: thermodynamics and fluid. But, these theories could not explain the complexity of driv...