In this paper, we quantitatively (mathematically) reason the energy savings achieved by the Leveling and Sectoring protocol. Due to the energy constraints on the sensor nodes (in terms of supply of energy) energy awareness has become crucial in networking protocol stack. The understanding of routing protocols along with energy awareness in a network would help in energy optimization with effici...

in many countries, leveling networks are established for height determination which is one of the most important topics in geodesy. in these networks, the sum of the leveled height differences between a and b will not be equal to the difference in the orthometric heights ha and hb. the reason is that the leveling increment ?n, as we henceforth denote it, is different from the corresponding incr...

There are three popular methods to understand the land subsidence: leveling, Global Navigation Satellite System, and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) analysis using SAR images. While both leveling System can measure amount of subsidence only at specific points, InSAR observe a wide area in short time intervals. In terms accuracy, however, is inferior leveling; centimeter/millime...

Phase change memory (PCM) is the best candidate device among next generation random access memory technologies. PCM has a potential to replace Flash memory due to non-volatility and in-place programmability, and low power consumption. Even though lifetime of PCM is longer than flash memory, wear leveling is needed because of non-uniformity of storage workload or malicious attack. In this paper,...

A single point viscosity measurement has been proven meaningless in determining the rheological and application properties of a paint. Paints having the same “one point“ viscosity can hove different settling, sag, and leveling properties. These rheological differences are graphically depicted by means of viscosity profiles obtained through the use of low and high shear rate viscometers. A metho...

A kind of embedded auto-leveling control system based on ARM and FPGA is proposed in this article. According to the mechanical structure and the control requirements of auto-leveling, the system combines the precision and high frequency of ARM with the internal logic configuration of FPGA. The control algorithm, hardware structure and software structure are discussed in the paper. This method n...

Ground leveling by bulldozer blade should be automatically controlled since the operation is an exhausting work for the bulldozer operator. In this paper, fuzzy control is used for the blade operation in the ground leveling. A series of tests using model bulldozing vehicle are carried out to check the effect of membership functions in the fuzzy control and the vehicle speed. Moreover some tests...

In this paper we develop a new approach for land leveling in order to improve the topology of a large area for irrigation or civil projects. The objective in proposed model is to minimize the total volume of cutting so that technical requirements of land leveling such as suitable slope and standard ratio of cutting to filling and maximum penstock point’s height are considered. We develop a warp...