Background: The commissioning accuracy of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) need to be evaluated.Objective: To test and evaluate commissioning accuracy of VMAT based on the TG 119 protocols at local institution. Material and Methods: The phantom, structure sets, VMAT and IMRT beam parameter setup, dose prescriptions and planning objectives were following TG 119 guidelines to c...

this article is investigating the town and country planning in austria. although according to new definitions spatial planning in austria has been started during fifties and sixties of the twentieth century, the issue has been set seriously on the l?nder's agenda of planning as the main authorities since establishing austrian conference on regional planning (?rok) in 1971.the programs impl...

The objective of this paper is to examine the standing and thinking of regional planning in the country’s planning system with an emphasis on national development plans. It intends to see to what extent and how this objective has been achieved or this type of thinking has been incorporated into development plans. By scrutinizing these plans both in pre-and post-revolutionary periods, the paper ...

This paper presents a randomized manipulation planner for a multi-fingered hand by switching contact modes. Manipulation planning for such a system should consider changing kinematics and dynamics of the system according to the contact modes. We derive the conditions that would be satisfied in manipulation planning, based on the properties of a manipulation system. The conditions give the restr...

The efficiency of AI planning systems is usually evaluated empirically. The planning domains used in the competitions of the 1998 and 2000 AIPS conferences are of particular importance in this context. Many of these domains share a common theme of transporting portables, making use of mobiles traversing a map of locations and roads. In this contribution, we embed these benchmarks into a wellstr...

Stochastic local search (SLS) techniques are very effective in solving hard propositional satisfiability problems. This has lead to the popularity of the encode & solve paradigm in which different problems are encoded as propositional satisfiability problems to which SLS techniques are applied. In AI, planning is the main area in which this methodology is used. Yet, it seems plausible that SLS ...

Most existing planners intertwine the refinement of a partial plan with search by pushing the individual refinements of a plan into different search branches. Although this approach reduces the cost of handling partial plans, it also often leads to search space explosion. In this paper, we consider the possibility of handling the refinements of a partial plan together (without splitting them in...

This study assesses opportunities and benefits presented by enterprise resource planning (ERP) in terms of leveraging technology to improve the business of government in the City of El Paso, specifically with respect to activity based costing (ABC) within its ERP system. ABC and ERP, in tandem, can provide reasonably accurate and useful government services cost information for planning and deci...

Traditional AI planning systems have focussed on batch planning, where an entire plan for achieving a goal is generated. An alternative approach is to select only the next action, a technique that has been used in situated planners, and, more recently, has been eeectively applied to traditional AI planning domains. In this paper, we present an action selection framework sensitive to resource li...