in this research, an iterative approach is employed to recognize and classify control chart patterns. to do this, by taking new observations on the quality characteristic under consideration, the maximum likelihood estimator of pattern parameters is first obtained and then the probability of each pattern is determined. then using bayes’ rule, probabilities are updated recursively. finally, when...

in order to assess the satellite data for soil investigation, aster digital data 20 june 2006, field study and phisiochemical properties of soil, were analyzed. all landcover classes including soils are classified based onmorphological and physico-chemical characteristics. images were geocorrected and photomorphic units were selected based upon visual interpretation and sampling in study area. ...

The introduction of genomic methods facilitated standardized molecular disease surveillance. For instance, SNP barcodes in Plasmodium vivax and falciparum malaria allows the characterization haplotypes, their frequencies prevalence to reveal temporal spatial transmission patterns. A confounding factor is presence multiple genetically distinct pathogen variants within same infection, known as mu...

Group-level variance estimates of zero often arise when fitting multilevel or hierarchical linear models, especially when the number of groups is small. For situations where zero variances are implausible a priori, we propose a maximum penalized likelihood approach to avoid such boundary estimates. This approach is equivalent to estimating variance parameters by their posterior mode, given a we...

The robustness (sensitivity to violation of assumptions) of the maximum-likelihood and neighbor-joining methods was examined using simulation. Maximum likelihood and neighbor joining were implemented with Jukes-Cantor, Kimura, and gamma models of DNA substitution. Simulations were performed in which the assumptions of the methods were violated to varying degrees on three model four-taxon trees....

soil salinity has been a large problem in arid and semi arid regions. preparation of such maps is useful for natural resource managers. old methods of preparing such maps require a lot of time and cost. multi-spectral remotely sensed dates due to the broad vision and repeating of these imageries is suitable for provide saline soil maps. this investigation is conducted to provide saline soil map...

The paper studies large deviations of maximum likelihood and related estimates in the case of i.i.d. observations with distribution determined by a parameter θ taking values in a general metric space. The main theorems provide sufficient conditions under which an approximate sieve maximum likelihood estimate is an asymptotically locally optimal estimate of g(θ) in the sense of Bahadur, for virt...

The objective of this paper is to provide readers with the program to estimate a Markov switching model with time varying transition probability(Filardo, 1994) by using a statistical computing software R. Although many of the previous studies estimating the model have conducted the estimation by the maximum likelihood estimation, this paper utilizes Gibbs sampling method. Using Gibbs sampling m...

A solution to the marginal problem is obtained in a form of parametric exponential (Gibbs-Markov) distribution, where the unknown parameters are obtained by an optimization procedure that agrees with the maximum likelihood (ML) estimate. With respect to a difficult performance of the method we propose also an alternative approach, providing the original basis of marginals can be appropriately e...