Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive o...

Given the recent developments in quantum techniques, modeling physical Hamiltonian of a target many-body system is becoming an increasingly practical and vital research direction. Here, we propose efficient strategy combining maximum likelihood estimation, gradient descent, algorithms. measurement outcomes, optimize model density operator via series descents along gradient, which prove negative...

The structure of relationship among subjects is an interesting topic in many social studies, especially phylogeny. The between-subject relationships are commonly measured by similarity or dissimilarity metrics and represented using a distance matrix. Based on this distance matrix, a tree can be constructed to characterize the overall structure of inferred relationships among all subjects. Curre...