The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an antimicrobial drug for a bacterial pathogen is used as a measure of the bacterial susceptibility to the drug. However, relationships between the antimicrobial concentration, bacterial susceptibility, and the pharmacodynamic (PD) inhibitory effect on the bacterial population are more complex. The relationships can be captured by multi-parameter mo...

This study evaluated the inhibitory activity of copaiba oil (Copaifera officinalis against the cariogenic microorganism, Streptococcus mutans. For such purpose, a minimum inhibition concentration test of copaiba oil against S. mutans was performed, using the serial dilution in broth technique, with a negative control, a positive control (0.12% chlorhexidine) and a 10% copaíba oil solution as a ...

Agaricus bisporus mushrooms are well known for their nutritional and medicinal values. A. bisporus is a source of protein (about 40% on a dry basis), ergosterol, several minerals, carbohydrate, and fat. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of A. bisporus S-II extracts on human pathogenic bacteria in-vitro condition. Totally, thre...

Background & Aim:Vaginal disease has always been a great concern of women. Medicinal plants as natural resources with fewer side effects can effectively treat these infections given the diversity of these infections, resistance to antibiotics and side effects of existing drugs. The present study aimed to compare antimicrobial effects of methanol extract of Francoeuria Undul...

To investigate the bacterial response to antibiotic stress, we analyzed the outer membrane proteins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa grown in the presence of a sub-minimum inhibitory concentration of antibiotics. Among the antibiotics tested, fluoroquinolones and streptonigrin induced a large amount of outer membrane protein with a molecular mass of 43 kDa. This protein is most likely the stress-respo...

Background:The spread of drug-resistant microbial strains has led many studies for identifying, designing, and synthesizing new antimicrobial agents.The aim of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial effects of some synthesized potassium dithiocarbazinate derivatives against 6 Gram-negative and 4 Gram-positive bacteria as well as 2 molds and 1 yeast. Potassium salts of dithiocarbazinic acids w...

it seems that rapid destruction of gram negative bacteria by antibiotics contributes to the clinical deterioration of some patients with gram negative infections. antibiotics increase the concentration of lipopolysaccharide (lps) in blood and cerebrospinal fluids. released lps can activate blood cells to produce tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-a) and other cytokines. tnf-a appears to be a majo...

dermatophyte fungi are the etiologic agents of skin infections commonly referred to as ringworm. these infections are not dangerous but as a chronic cutaneous infections they may be difficult to treat and can also cause physical discomfort for patients. they are considered important as a public health problem as well. no information is available regarding the efficacy of antifungal agents again...