For meaningful assessment of results from laboratory and pilot plant trials, it is often necessary to know the mixing characteristics within the ultrasonic reactors. Previous workers have used conductivity measurements in an attempt to characterize the residence time distribution in ultrasonic reactors, but these results do not provide direct data on the mixing within the high power region adja...

The mixing rate of a Markov chain (Xt)t=0 is the minimum number of steps before the distribution of Xt is close to its stationary distribution with respect to total variation distance. In this work, we give upper and lower bounds for the mixing rate of the Gibbs sampler over Restricted Boltzmann Machines.

We discuss unstable particle mixing in CP-violating weak decays. It is shown that for a completely degenerate system unstable particle mixing does not introduce a CP-violating partial rate difference, and that when the mixings are small only the off-diagonal mixings are relevant. Also, in the absence of mixing, unstable particle wave function renormalization does not introduce any additional ef...

Mixing is increasingly recognized as a critical process for understanding and modeling reactive transport. Yet, mixing is hard to characterize because it depends nonlinearly on concentrations. Visualization of optical tracers in the laboratory at high spatial and temporal resolution can help advance the study of mixing processes. The solute distribution is obtained by analyzing the relationship...

A simple method for measuring the efficiency of expired air mixing devices is described. Preliminary studies comparing a number of mixing chambers indicate that the bag-inbottle system is the most efficient. The dependence of mixing efficiency on VT, f and expired flow rate is demonstrated. Two types of mixing failure are distinguished. The clinical implications are discussed, including those r...

background & aim: antibacterial effect of the sealers which are used in root canal therapy is a factor which increases the rate of success in root canal therapy. the aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial effect of three sealers (zoe, ah26, dorifill) on two bacterial species, staphylococcus aureuse and streptococcus mutans immediately after mixing and one week after mixing. methods ...

The so-called STIT tessellations form the class of homogeneous (spatially stationary) tessellations of R which are stable under the nesting/iteration operation. In this paper, we establish the strong mixing property for these tessellations and give the optimal form of the rate of decay for the quantity |P(A ∩ Y = ∅, ThB ∩ Y = ∅) − P(A ∩ Y = ∅)P(B ∩ Y = ∅)| when A and B are two compact sets, h a...

In their natural environment, phytoplankton are exposed to fluctuations in incident irradiance due to vertical displacements in the water column induced by turbulent fluid motion. Physiological adaptation to these fluctuations results in variation in a number of measurable quantities (e.g. parameters of P-I curves, fluorescence yield, chemical composition), each of which have different time-sca...