Prominent scientists and policymakers assert with confidence that there is no scientific controversy over the health effects of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)—that genetically modified crops currently in commercial use and those yet to be commercialized are inherently safe for human consumption and do not have to be tested. Those who disagree are cast as ‘‘GMO deniers.’’ This article exa...

* It has long been recognized that any successful sustainable development strategy has to strike a balance between the interests of trade and concern for the environment. However, these sometimes conflicting imperatives have been, and remain, a potential source of conflict in international political economy. The World Trade Organization (WTO), often accused of insensitivity to environmental pro...

During negotiations of mega-regional trade agreements, state representatives have the incentive to demand that other parties align with their entrenched regulatory practices. Indeed, a country’s exporters will derive extensive benefits if negotiating partners fulfill these demands. Strictly pursuing self-interest, however, often leads to stalemate. When the United States (US) and European Union...

In this paper, some categorical properties of the category ${bf Cpo}_{{bf Act}text{-}S}$ of all {cpo $S$-acts}, cpo's equipped with actions of a monoid $S$ on them, and strict continuous action-preserving maps between them is considered. In particular, we describe products and coproducts in this category, and consider monomorphisms and epimorphisms. Also, we show that the forgetful functor from...

In this paper, the vibration of microbeams due to a temperature pulse has been investigated. The thermoelastic coupled equations for microbeam resonator have been derived via the modified theory of couple stress in connection with the generalized thermoelasticity with relaxation time. The analytical expressions for studied fields due to modified couple stress for the microbeam have been obtaine...

in this paper, new definitions of $l$-fuzzy closure operator, $l$-fuzzy interior operator, $l$-fuzzy remote neighborhood system, $l$-fuzzy neighborhood system and $l$-fuzzy quasi-coincident neighborhood system are proposed. it is proved that the category of $l$-fuzzy closure spaces, the category of $l$-fuzzy interior spaces, the category of $l$-fuzzy remote neighborhood spaces, the category of ...