gaining insights into the learners’ individual characteristics such as beliefs about language learning and their relationship with learning strategies is essential for planning effective language instruction. thus, the present study investigated the relationship between beliefs about language learning and learning strategy use in iranian high school students. this study also compared the correl...

Motivational intervention is broadly defined as any clinical strategy designed to enhance client motivation for change. It can include counseling, client assessment, multiple sessions, or a 30-minute brief intervention. This chapter examines the elements of effective motivational approaches and supporting research. Motivational strategies are then correlated with the stages-of-change model (a f...

In this study, we tested the effectiveness of a computer-based persuasive dialogue system designed to promote a plant-based diet. The production and consumption of meat and dairy has been shown to be a major cause of climate change and a threat to public health, bio-diversity, animal rights and human rights. A system promoting plant-based diets was developed, comprising conversational, motivati...

Smoking cessation strategies should be geared to the target group's level of motivation to quit, and degree of tobacco addiction. Motivational interventions (e.g. media campaigns) aim to encourage more people to try to stop smoking. Treatment interventions (e.g. nicotine replacement) aim to increase the chances of a quit attempt being successful. In populations which have already been saturated...

When people learn that I study lethal injection, they are usually curious to know more (or at least they are polite enough to ask questions). Interestingly, the question that arises most often— from lawyers, law students, and laypeople—is why states behave as they do. In the wake of botched executions and ample evidence of lethal injection‘s dangers, why do states fail to address their executio...

When trying to understand social processes and phenomena, it is relevant, and arguably important, to take psychology (cognition, motivation, and so on) of individuals into consideration. Detailed computational models of cognitive agents that incorporate a wide range of psychological functionalities have been developed in cognitive science, while most of the work in social simulation still assum...

A student, supported by his classmates, throws a piece of chalk at the teacher who is writing on the blackboard. The teacher rapidly turns back and promptly catches him in the act. The student blushes and suddenly realizes how bad it was what he did. What happened to the guy? Why did he decide to throw the piece of chalk? And why, after a few seconds, he would have liked that what he did had ne...

A key challenge in the design of tutorial dialogue systems is identifying tutorial strategies that can effectively balance the tradeoffs between cognitive and affective student outcomes. This balance is problematic because the precise nature of the interdependence between cognitive and affective strategies is not well understood. Furthermore, previous studies suggest that some cognitive and mot...