ABSTRACT The heat-shock response is critical for the survival of all organisms. Metastasis-associated long adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) a noncoding RNA localized in nuclear speckles, but its physiological role remains elusive. Here, we show that heat shock induces translocation MALAT1 to distinct body named shock-inducible RNA-containing (HiNoCo) mammalian cells. MALAT1-knockout A549 ce...

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a kind of novel endogenous noncoding formed through back-splicing mRNA precursor. The biogenesis, degradation, nucleus–cytoplasm transport, location, and even translation circRNA are controlled by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Therefore, circRNAs the chaperoned RBPs play critical roles in biological functions that significantly contribute to normal animal development di...

BACKGROUND Rahnella aquatilis is ubiquitous and its certain strains have the applicative potent as a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. R. aquatilis HX2 is a biocontrol agent to produce antibacterial substance (ABS) and showed efficient biocontrol against crown gall caused by Agrobacterium vitis on sunflower and grapevine plants. The regulatory network of the ABS production and biocontrol ac...

Although fairly accurate databases exist for protein-coding genes, little is known about another important class of genes known as noncoding RNA genes. These genes, which have been implicated in a wide variety of critical biochemical pathways including brain development [7] and viral defense [5], are not translated into polypeptides. Instead, their transcribed RNAs fold into stable, base-paired...

Animal cells possess thousands of long non-coding (lnc) RNAs, such as antisense noncoding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) , which have regulatory roles in the cells’ molecular mechanisms, including X-chromosome inactivation, and developmental processes.  These lnc RNAs are known to influence the extensive spectrum of age-related disorders. Accordingly, there is evidence for the role of...

RNA folding in the cell occurs during transcription. Expedient RNA folding must avoid the formation of undesirable structures as the nascent RNA emerges from the RNA polymerase. We show that efficient folding during transcription of three conserved noncoding RNAs from Escherichia coli, RNase P RNA, signal-recognition particle RNA, and tmRNA is facilitated by their cognate polymerase pausing at ...

The La protein binds the 3' ends of many newly synthesized noncoding RNAs, protecting these RNAs from nucleases and influencing folding, maturation, and ribonucleoprotein assembly. Although 3' end binding by La involves the N-terminal La domain and adjacent RNA recognition motif (RRM), the mechanisms by which La stabilizes diverse RNAs from nucleases and assists subsequent events in their bioge...

In the post-genomic era, thousands of putative noncoding regulatory regions have been identified, such as enhancers, promoters, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and a cadre of small peptides. These ever-growing catalogs require high-throughput assays to test their functionality at scale. Massively parallel reporter assays have greatly enhanced the understanding of noncoding DNA elements en masse ...

RNA research has made great progress in recent years. A variety of unforeseen complexities have been identified, many with relevance to human brain disease. For example, neurologic illnesses may arise because of perturbations in distinct but interrelated tiers of RNA-based genetic regulation: pre-mRNA splicing; nonsplicing RNA modifications; and mRNA translational regulation. Furthermore, there...

In mammals, dosage compensation between XX and XY individuals occurs through X chromosome inactivation (XCI). The noncoding Xist RNA is expressed and initiates XCI only when more than one X chromosome is present. Current models invoke a dependency on the X-to-autosome ratio (X:A), but molecular factors remain poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that molecular titration between an X-encoded RNA...