Tracer and indicator microbe runoff experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of solution chemistry on the transport, retention, and release of Escherichia coli D21g. Experiments were conducted in a chamber (2.25 m long, 0.15 m wide, and 0.16 m high) packed with ultrapure quartz sand (to a depth of 0.10 m) that was placed on a metal frame at slopes of 5.6%, 8.6%, or 11.8%. Runoff ...

When guest atoms diffuse into a host solid and react, the host may flow inelastically. Often a reaction can stimulate flow in a host too brittle to flow under a mechanical load alone. We formulate a theory of reactive flow in solids by regarding both flow and reaction as nonequilibrium processes, and placing the driving forces for flow and reaction on equal footing. We construct chemomechanical...

We discuss the physics of embolic stroke using a minimal model of emboli moving through the cerebral arteries. Our model of the blood flow network consists of a bifurcating tree into which we introduce particles (emboli) that halt flow on reaching a node of similar size. Flow is weighted away from blocked arteries inducing an effective interaction between emboli. We justify the form of the flow...

In geophysical surface flows, the sediment particles can be transported under capacity (equilibrium) conditions or noncapacity (nonequilibrium) conditions. On one hand, equilibrium approach for bedload transport assumes that actual rate instantaneously adapts to local flow features. The resulting system of equations, composed shallow water equations (SWE) and Exner equation bed evolution, has b...

We consider dense systems consisting of ultrasoft, overlapping particles under shear and transport flow, by employing a multiscale simulational approach that combines multiparticle-collision dynamics for the solvent particles with standard molecular dynamics for the solute. We find that the nucleation rates of supercooled liquids can be dramatically accelerated via the shear-induced formation o...

The degree, mechanisms, and kinetics of phosphorus (P) sorption onto soils can have a significant influence on leaching losses of P from soil. The objectives of this study were to measure the impact of retention time (RT) on P sorption in a flow-through system intended to simulate downward movement of a P solution through two different riparian soils, and determine if isothermal titration calor...