Serum calcium, magnesium proteins, phosphate, and immunoparathyroid hormone were measured in 338 normal children and adolescents aged between 7 and 20 years and in 123 normal adults aged between 21 and 50 years. Protein corrected serum calcium and magnesium remained stable throughout the study. Despite hyperphosphataemia protein corrected calcium exceeded the concentrations of normal adults. Se...

The effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on adenylate cyclase responsiveness was studied in the clonal osteogenic sarcoma cell line, UMR 106-06, which responds to several bone active hormones. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 treatment had no consistent effect on basal formation of cyclic AMP in intact cells, but the responses to parathyroid hormone, isoproterenol, prostaglandin E2, salmon calcitonin and...

Bone is an exclusively vertebrate tissue (McLean and Urist, 1955; Urist, 1964; Johnson, 1966) that develops in teleosts and higher vertebrates during the “metamorphic” period (Witschi, 1956) following larval differentiation of connective tissue and cartilage, Both the thyroid and parathyroid glands are intimately related to differentiation and remodeling of bone (Gorbman and Bern, 1962; AsboeHa...

BACKGROUND Adolescent mothers may be at increased risk of irreversible bone loss during pregnancy and lactation, particularly when calcium intake is low. OBJECTIVE Longitudinal changes in bone mass from lactation to postweaning were evaluated in 10 adolescent mothers aged 15-18 y who habitually consumed <500 mg Ca/d. DESIGN Total-body bone mineral content (TBBMC), total-body bone mineral de...

BACKGROUND Environmental exposure to cadmium decreases bone density indirectly through hypercalciuria resulting from renal tubular dysfunction. OBJECTIVE We sought evidence for a direct osteotoxic effect of cadmium in women. METHODS We randomly recruited 294 women (mean age, 49.2 years) from a Flemish population with environmental cadmium exposure. We measured 24-hr urinary cadmium and bloo...

Hypocalcin, the major hormone with hypocalcaemic action in fish, was isolated from trout corpuscles of Stannius (SCs). The bioactivity of hypocalcin was assessed in a parathyroid hormone (PTH) bioassay involving bone resorption in embryonic mouse calvaria. Calcium and phosphate release and lactate production were stimulated in a dose-dependent manner by hypocalcin. On a molar basis about equal ...

Calcium and phosphate are critical for a myriad of physiological and cellular processes within the organism. Consequently, plasma levels of calcium and phosphate are tightly regulated. This occurs through the combined effects of the phospho- and calciotropic hormones, parathyroid hormone (PTH), active vitamin D 3, and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). The organs central to this are the kidne...

a 54 years old female with history of total thyroidectomy for papillary carcinoma, treated with loomci of iodine-131 and negative whole body scans was referred for follow up study. tl-201 scan revealed an area of radiotracer uptake in the neck region, suggestive of a parathyroid adenoma versus recurrence of thyroid carcinoma. the patient was operated, the parathyroid adenoma was removed. in thi...

concomitant papillary thyroid cancer and parathyroid adenoma is rare. we report a 55 years old female with papillary cancer admitted for surgery. preoperative laboratory findings revealed hypercalcemia and then primary hyperparathyroidism. thyroidectomy, neck dissection and excision of parathyroid adenoma were performed. histological examination revealed parathyroid adenoma. serum calcium retur...

As the primary regulator of the endocrine system, the pituitary gland is the most important of the endocrine glands. The major glands of the endocrine system include the pituitary, thyroid, and parathyroid glands, and the pancreas, adrenal cortex, ovaries, and testes. The pituitary regulates the actions of most of these glands and many other body functions. It, in turn, is regulated by the hypo...