In the past few years, extensive improvements have been accomplished in reinforcing the structures through using shape memory alloys (SMAs). These materials absorb or dissipate energy through establishing a reversible hysteresis loop during a cyclic mechanical loading. This unique characteristic of the SMAs has made them appropriate for sensing, actuation, absorbing the impact energy, and vibra...

In 1997, the United States’ federal guidelines on racial classification were amended to permitindividual respondents to identify themselves as members of more than one race. This measure,taken at the urging of a vocal community of mixed-race individuals and organizations, was seenby many as having important consequences. In this article I examine the predictions about theimpact ...

The low frequency quantum transport properties of a three-probe mesoscopic conductor are studied using Büttiker’s AC transport formalism. The static transmission coefficients and emittance matrix of the system were computed by explicitly evaluating the various partial density of states (PDOS). We have investigated the finite size effect of the scattering volume on the global PDOS. By increasing...

Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, NY, USA Simultaneous MR/PET scanners allow for the exploration and development of novel PVE correction techniques without the challenges of coregistration of MR and PET. The development of a wavelet-based PVE correction method, to improve PET quantification, has proven successful in brain PET. We report ...

PURPOSE To investigate the advantages of reducing the partial volume effect (PVE) to enhance the detection of the BOLD signal in fMRI. METHODS A linear phase term was added in k-space to obtain half-voxel shifting of 64 × 64 T2*-weighted echo-planar images. Three sets of image data shifted in the x, y, and diagonal direction, respectively, are combined with the original 64 × 64 data to form t...

We have developed, optimized, and validated a method for partial volume effect (PVE) correction of oncological lesions in positron emission tomography (PET) clinical studies, based on recovery coefficients (RC) and on PET measurements of lesion-to-background ratio (L/B m) and of lesion metabolic volume. An operator-independent technique, based on an optimised threshold of the maximum lesion upt...