The use of cacao, in its familiar food and beverage form, dates back about 3,800 years. By the time of the discovery of America by Europeans, the Aztecs and Mayans had developed methods for drying, roasting and grinding cacao beans for use in beverages and foods. Today, the same processes are used, but have been adapted to modern machinery. The current study was conducted to compare the traditi...

XSL Beans are a unique technology for developing UI's that exploits XML and XSL, and that provides a number of benefits, chief of which are: • Media independence XSL Beans are media independent, meaning that they can be used in Java, Dynamic HTML, or even standard GUI environments. • Standards−based XSL Beans rely upon, and exploit, XML and related standards, providing an open UI framework. • I...

Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are an important food staple in many traditional diets. There is limited evidence to suggest an inverse relationship between bean consumption and colon cancer. The objective of this study was to determine whether consumption of black beans and/or navy beans would reduce colon carcinogenesis in rats. Rats were fed a modified AIN-93G diet (control) or diets containing 7...

Black and Pinto bean starches were physically and chemically modified to investigate the effect of modification on digestibility and physicochemical properties of bean starch. The impact of acetylation, oxidation (ozonation) and annealing on the chemical composition, syneresis, swelling volume, pasting, thermal properties and digestibility of starches was evaluated. The physicochemical and esti...

The aim of the research was to determine the impact of fermentation with Pleurotus ostreatus on kidney beans, black beans, and oats. The results indicate that the fungus has a positive effect on the substrates when compared to the controls. The antioxidant activity (39.5% on kidney beans and 225% on oats in relation to the controls) and content of total polyphenols (kidney beans three times hig...

In Japan, maximum residue limits for pesticides (MRL) in coffee are set on green coffee beans, but not roasted coffee beans, although roasted beans are actually used to prepare coffee for drinking. Little is known about the behavior of pesticides during the roasting process. In the present study, we examined the changes in the concentration of pesticide (organochlorine: γ-BHC, chlordane and hep...

Beans, the stable diet of Nigerians contains serotonin and its precursor, 5-Hydroxytryptophan. Serotonin as a neurotransmitter has neurobehavioural actions which include mood, memory, learning and sleep. It was therefore the aim of this study to find out whether long term consumption of uncooked black eye beans (Vigna unguiculata) diet commonly called iron beans, has effects on some neurobehavi...

It has been known since 1920 (Johns & Finks, 1920) that the navy bean is an inferior source of protein for rats. Everson & Heckert (1944) reported that raw navy beans were injurious to rats when given at a 10% protein level. They also reported that autoclaving the beans destroyed the injurious effect. Kakade & Evans (1963a, b) confirmed this report and observed that rats given 10% protein as ra...

Samples of sweet yellow lupins (Lupinus luteus; n = 4), broad leaf lupins (Lupinus albus; n = 12), narrow leaf lupins (Lupinus angustifolius; n = 8), faba beans (Vicia faba; n = 2), field peas (Pisum sativum; n = 4) and narbon beans (Vicia narbonensis; n = 2) were collected over a two-year period. The physical characteristics (thousand seed and hectolitre mass), chemical composition (dry matter...