some possible effects of exogenous application of salicylic acid (sa) and bacillus subtilis on infection potential of root and stem rot disease and on induction of resistance against this pathogen were investigated in laboratory and as well under greenhouse conditions. in vitro, the effectiveness of sa concentrations (2-8mm) on growth of b. subtilis was observed as negative, while sa applicatio...

conclusions higher prevalence of t. gondii in patients with ad compared to controls showed the possible impact of this parasite in ad, which may exacerbate symptoms, and this requires special attention of specialists and patient families. results the overall prevalence of t. gondii infection in patients with ad and the control group, using elisa assay, was obtained as 66.6% (58/87) and 56.32% (...

background : one of the best ways to control the malaria disease and to be protected human against anopheles mos­quito biting is the use of repellents. throughout repellents, herbal ones may be an appropriate and safe source for protection. methods : chemical constituents of achillea vermiculata and satoreja hortensis were determined by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. efficacy and t...

in this research the effect of two species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, glomus mosseae and glomus intraradices on root knot nematode, meloidogyne javanica was investigated and in different treatments the effects of this interaction on parameters of plant growth , nematode infection and mycorrhizal development were evaluated.shoot fresh and dry weight significantly increased in mycorrhizal t...

Preventive and curative control of sclerotium rot disease cocoyam cormel (Colocasia esculenta [L., Scott]) using plant extracts Trichoderma koningii Nwauzoma Akagbuo Bartholomew, Jaja Tamunodiari Emylia, Njoku Chibuzor

Most snow mold pathogens cause plant injury only under prolonged snow cover, so snow mold diseases are severe primarily in regions where snow cover persists for more than 100 days. Even within these regions, disease occurrence and severity varies greatly from year to year. When disease is severe, individual fungal colonies coalesce, resulting in substantial losses in plant stand (20). In other ...

BACKGROUND Alternaria alternata causes the Alternaria brown spot disease (ABS) in many tangerines and their hybrids worldwide. Plant extracts offer an alternative method for controlling this disease, which control is based on chemical fungicides. AIMS To identify plant species with antifungal properties against A. alternata, the causal agent of the ABS. METHODS Plant extracts prepared from ...

background hiv/aids and tuberculosis (tb) are major contributors to the burden of disease in sub-saharan africa. the two diseases have been described as a harmful synergy as they are biologically and epidemiologically linked. control of tb/hiv co-infection is an integral and most challenging part of both national tb and national hiv control programmes, especially in contexts of instability wher...