The primary mining sector portrays advantaged outcomes for the environmental and financial indicators, but below average performance for the social indicators of employment generation, income and government revenue. The export propensity indicator is four times the average reflecting the industry’s contribution to helping improve the international trade balance. The lower than average contribut...

In this paper we investigate the introduction of an export tax on steam coal levied by an individual country (Australia), or a group of major exporting countries. The policy motivation would be twofold: generating tax revenues against the background of improved terms-of-trade, while CO2 emissions are reduced. We construct and numerically apply a two-level game consisting of an optimal policy pr...

• Our model predicts that house prices rise more than rents with Airbnb presence. presence in a borough increases and, to lesser extent, rents. Results suggest tourist renting may offset increased housing costs for owners.

Resource-rich countries have tended to be autocratic and also have tended to use their resource wealth badly. The neoconservative agenda of promoting democratization in resource-rich countries thus offers the hopeful prospect of a better use of their economic opportunities. This paper examines whether the effect of democracy on economic performance is distinctive in resource-rich societies. We ...

The aim of the paper is to determine how profiles of annual extraction volumes would have differed under alternative policy objectives, conditional on optimizing behaviour and perfect knowledge about assumed future demand and supply functions, and the extent of the phosphate reserves. Three dynamic optimisation problems are formulated and solved for the following three objective functions, with...

The first great debate on the effects of welfare on the poor was in England in the years 1795-1834, when the Old Poor Law was criticized by Malthus and his followers as encouraging sloth and taxing industry. The English poor had a legal right to subsistence, and by the early nineteenth century about 10% of the population was in receipt of some public relief. After 1834 a new Poor Law regime was...