BACKGROUND To evaluate intranasal administration of butorphanol on postoperative pain and early postoperative cognitive dysfunction in old patients undergoing H-uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (H-UPPP). METHODS A total of 260 male patients (65 to 77 years old) with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and scheduled for H-UPPP were divided randomly to receive intranasal butorphanol, intravenous...

BACKGROUND Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, might play a role in postoperative analgesia, but its effect on postoperative pain after caesarean section varies with study design. We investigated whether the preemptive administration of low-dose intravenous ketamine decreases postoperative opioid requirement and postoperative pain in parturients receiving intravenous fentanyl...

This double blind, randomized, controlled trial investigated whether a single preoperative intravenous (iv) dose of tramadol (100 mg) given 30 min before abdominal hysterectomy resulted in improved analgesic efficacy, reduced postoperative morphine patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) use and reduced side effects when combined with a postoperative small-dose tramadol infusion. Two-hundred twenty-...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Multimodal analgesia is needed for acute postoperative pain management due to adverse effects of opioid analgesics, which can impede recovery; a problem that is of increasing concern with the rapid increase in the number of ambulatory surgeries. Yet, the literature on multimodal analgesia often shows variable degrees of success, even with studies utilizing the same adjuvant me...

Background and Purpose: Although caudal block and acetaminophen have shown efficacy in postoperative pediatric pain management, they have not been compared in efficacy following peritoneoscopy. Patients and Methods: The study population were ASA I or II children from 55 weeks postconceptual age to 10 years of age having peritoneoscopy. They were randomly assigned to preoperative caudal block us...