We prove that any mapping torus of a pseudo-Anosov class with bounded normalized Weil-Petersson translation length contains finite set transverse and level closed curves, drilling out this curves results in one number cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds. The manifolds the list depends only on bound for length. also complementary result explains necessity removing by producing new estimates compositio...

Reinforcement learning (RL), which has been successfully applied to sequence prediction, introduces reward as sequence-level supervision signal to evaluate the quality of a generated sequence. Existing RL approaches use the ground-truth sequence to define reward, which limits the application of RL techniques to labeled data. Since labeled data is usually scarce and/or costly to collect, it is d...

In a wide range of applied problems of 2-D and 3-D imaging a continuous formulation of the problem places great emphasis on obtaining and manipulating the Fourier transform in Polar coordinates. However, the translation of continuum ideas into practical work with data sampled on a Cartesian grid is problematic. In this article we develop a fast high accuracy Polar FFT. For a given two-dimension...

A permutomino is a polyomino uniquely defined by a pair of permutations. Recently permutominoes, and in particular convex permutominoes have been studied by several authors concerning their analytical and bijective enumeration, tomographical reconstruction, and the algebraic characterization of the associated permutations [2, 3]. On the other side, Beauquier and Nivat [5] introduced and gave a ...

In response to environmental stress and viral infection, mammalian cells form foci containing translationally silenced mRNPs termed stress granules (SGs). As aggregates of stalled initiation complexes, SGs are defined by the presence of translation initiation machinery in addition to mRNA binding proteins. Here, we report that cells infected with poliovirus (PV) can form SGs early that contain ...

The automatic post-editing (APE), which can correct the translation errors, is an effective approach to improving machine translation (MT) output quality. This paper proposes a global source-aware SPE model to improve the MT translation quality leveraging pseudo-feedback to achieve the sentence specification. For a given source sentence, some similar sentences are retrieved from a translation m...

MOTIVATION There are numerous examples of RNA-RNA complexes, including microRNA-mRNA and small RNA-mRNA duplexes for regulation of translation, guide RNA interactions with target RNA for post-transcriptional modification and small nuclear RNA duplexes for splicing. Predicting the base pairs formed between two interacting sequences remains difficult, at least in part because of the competition b...

This paper describes a new method of creating systems of polyalphabetic, symmetric ciphers with a large set of algorithms. The method uses two translation tables containing the code-text character set, one for encryption and the other for decryption. After each character is encrypted or decrypted, these tables are permuted through a series of pseudo random, pairwise swaps. The implementation of...

The use of SAT solvers to handle practical problems has grown dramatically over the last decade. SAT solvers are now mature enough to be used in hardware or software model checkers and to have an impact on our everyday’s life of computer users. Many researchers are working on extensions of the current framework to more general constraints: pseudo-boolean (PB) constraints, satisfiability modulo ...