The importance of dosimetry protocols and standards for radiobiological studies is self-evident. Several have been proposed dose determination using low energy X-ray facilities, but depending on the irradiation configurations, samples, materials or beam quality, it sometimes difficult to know which protocol most appropriate employ. We, therefore, propose a cell irradiations facility. aim this m...

Abstract Correlative imaging and quantification of intracellular nanoparticles with the underlying ultrastructure is crucial for understanding cell-nanoparticle interactions in biological research. However, correlative nanoscale whole cells still remains a daunting challenge. Here, we report straightforward nanoscopic approach whole-cell imaging, by simultaneous ionoluminescence mapping impleme...

Vibrational spectroscopy is an attractive modality for the analysis of biological samples, providing a complete non-invasive acquisition of the biochemical fingerprint of the sample. It has been demonstrated that this data provides the means to assay multiple functional responses of a biological system at a spatial resolution as low as a micron within the sample. As the interaction of ionizing ...

The majority of quantitative data on the effects of dose-rate come from experiments with cultured cells in vitro. These data are reviewed, and it is concluded that results obtained from the in vitro experience may be carried over, in a quantitative manner, to guide clinical radiotherapeutic design. As an example, there are contradictory guidelines suggested to compensate for changes in dose-rat...

Some consequences of uncertainties in radiobiological risk due to galactic cosmic ray (GCR) exposure are analyzed for their e ect on engineering designs for the rst lunar outpost and a mission to explore Mars. This report presents the plausible e ect of biological uncertainties , the design changes necessary to reduce the uncertainties to acceptable levels for a safe mission, and an evaluation ...

The radiobiological effect of densely ionizing ends of primary or secondary charged particles may be influenced significantly by processes running in the chemical stage of radiobiological mechanism; especially the influence of present oxygen may be very important. The effect of its or of other species (radiomodifiers) present in water medium during irradiation may be studied with the help of co...

The focus of the present review is to investigate the role of melanin in the radioprotection of melanoma and attempts to sensitize tumors to radiation by inhibiting melanogenesis. Early studies showed radical scavenging, oxygen consumption and adsorption as mechanisms of melanin radioprotection. Experimental models of melanoma in hamsters and in gerbils are described as well as their use in bio...

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study is to quantify the potential benefits a flattening filter‐free (FFF) beam and implement dose‐computation algorithm for cervical radiotherapy through dosimetric radiobiological analyses using RapidArc. Methods Thirty‐three patients were enrolled, four RapidArc plans created each patient dual‐arc filter 6‐MV FFF photon beams two calculation algorithms. Homog...