نتایج جستجو برای: residual energy
تعداد نتایج: 751236 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
A crucial issue in the management of sensor networks is the continuous monitoring of residual energy level of the sensors in the network. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical approach to construct a continuous energy map of a sensor network. Our method consists of a topology discovery and clustering phase, followed by an aggregation phase when energy information collected are abstracted and...
Clustering is an effective topology control approach, which can prolong the lifetime and increase scalability for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The popular criteria for clustering technique are to select cluster heads with more residual energy and to rotate them periodically. However, hot spots will emerge in real network environment at locations where they have heavy traffic load to transfe...
In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), sensor nodes are organized in a random manner. These sensor nodes are mainly deployed in physical environment to gather data and deliver the data to the destination wherever requires. Sensor nodes have limited computational capability, limited bandwidth, energy source and memory. The main challenge in data gathering is to maximize the network lifetime and the...
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are spatially distributed micro sensor systems. WSN is a power constrained system, since nodes run on limited power batteries which shorten the life time of the system. Prolonging the life time depends on efficient communication protocol architecture. LEACH hierarchical homogeneous communication protocol which greatly minimizes the energy consumed in collecting an...
It is a set of communication nodes planted, without previous planning, in the environments in which we need to collect data and provided with various types of sensors to collect the needed information. It may also contain processing unit to process data or used only to transmit time series of the sensed phenomena to other node. WSN by a lot of immobile node and with the limited energy and witho...
1. Although post-hatching parental care is uncommon in reptiles, reproducing females may none the less contribute to the nutritional state of their offspring by depositing more yolk into the egg than is needed for embryogenesis. This ‘extra’ yolk (i.e. residual yolk) is drawn into the offspring’s body prior to hatching and is widely assumed to serve as an energy resource for early life activiti...
the seismic performance of hybrid braces composed of steel and shape memory alloy (sma) was investigated in this paper. six types of hybrid braces were used, constituted by sma content of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100%. a nonlinear dynamic analysis was performed under el centro earthquake records, with the maximum acceleration of 0.6g and 0.9g. our results showed that the seismic performance, i.e....
Recent developments in electronics and wireless communications have enabled the improvement of low-power and low-cost wireless sensors networks (WSNs). One of the most important challenges in WSNs is to increase the network lifetime due to the limited energy capacity of the network nodes. Another major challenge in WSNs is the hot spots that emerge as locations under heavy traffic load. Nodes i...
Internet of things (IoT) is a network with a wide range of smart and physical objects and gadgets that can exchange information with each other. IOT introduces a variety of services that human life is dependent on its secure and accessible activities. These networks face numerous problems in terms of energy consumption and reliable communication to send the correct data. Moreover, the character...
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