Despite converging agreement about the definition of persistent vegetative state, recent reports have raised concerns about the accuracy of diagnosis in some patients, and the extent to which, in a selection of cases, residual cognitive functions may remain undetected. Objective assessment of residual cognitive function can be extremely difficult as motor responses may be minimal, inconsistent,...

Increased peritoneal clearance can compensate for reductions in renal solute removal in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD); however there is abundant evidence to suggest that renal rather than peritoneal clearance contributes to clinical outcomes. We review the evidence investigating the impact of residual renal function (RRF) and peritoneal solute clearances on survival and quality of...

Although there have been many advancements in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) over the last 50 years, in terms of reducing cardiovascular risk, mortality remains unacceptably high, particularly for those patients who progress to stage 5 CKD and initiate dialysis (CKD5d). As mortality risk increases exponentially with progressive CKD stage, the question arises as to w...

INTRODUCTION Initiation of peritoneal dialysis (PD) with 3 exchanges has become common practice in recent years, despite the lack of published clinical data. OBJECTIVE To describe experience with incremental peritoneal dialysis (IPD) at a single site. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 46 IPD patients undergoing 2-year clinical, laboratory, treatment and progression follow-up. RESULTS To 25%...

In the last decade, many researches have reached to the conclusion that preservation of residual renal function (RRF) is important after initiating dialysis, as well as in the predialysis period. RRF has been proven to contribue to the quality of life of dialysis patients. Longer preservation of RRF provides a better small and middle molecule removal, improved volemic status and arterial pressu...

the ponseti method is a safe and effective treatment for congenital clubfoot, and radically decreases the need for extensive corrective surgery. but a group of patients will still present with under corrected residual equinovarus deformities despite the proper use of the ponseti method. about 25% of operated clubfeet will develop recurrence or show a marked residual deformity (recurrent clubfoo...

Objective Patients with bilateral vestibulopathy (BV) can still have residual "natural" function. This might interact with "artificial" vestibular implant input (VI-input). When fluctuating, it could lead to vertigo attacks. Main objective was to investigate how "artificial" VI-input is integrated with residual "natural" input by the central vestibular system. This, to explore (1) whether misal...

A new algorithm, advantage learning, is presented that improves on advantage updating by requiring that a single function be learned rather than two. Furthermore, advantage learning requires only a single type of update, the learning update, while advantage updating requires two different types of updates, a learning update and a normilization update. The reinforcement learning system uses the ...

OBJECTIVE To document the existence of residual splenic function after laparoscopic splenectomy in a series of 48 patients. DESIGN A noncomparative descriptive case series. SETTING A tertiary care center. PATIENTS A series of 9 patients without clinical improvement after laparoscopic splenectomy of 48 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic splenectomy for several hematologic disorde...