We test for the presence of time-varying parameters (TVP) in the long-run dynamics of energy prices for oil, natural gas and coal, within a standard class of mean-reverting models. We also propose residual-based diagnostic tests and examine out-of-sample forecasts. In-sample LR tests support the TVP model for coal and gas but not for oil, though companion diagnostics suggest that the model is t...

Buffer gas cooling is used to trap NH molecules with 1/e lifetimes exceeding 20 s. Helium vapor generated by laser desorption of a helium film is employed to thermalize 10 molecules at a temperature of 500 mK in a 3.9 T magnetic trap. Long molecule trapping times are attained through rapid pumpout of residual buffer gas. Molecules experience a helium background gas density below 1× 10 cm−3. PAC...

Measurement of lung volumes at end expiratory level and assessment of ventilation inhomogeneity is important for respiratory management in infants with lung disease. This study compared multiple breath nitrogen washout was compared with body plethysmography to measure functional residual capacity in infants and assessed ventilation inhomogeneity using mean dilution numbers and alveolar based ga...

A comparative study is made of genetic algorithms and conventional numeric methods for the purpose of filter optimization in a class of adaptive stochastic systems known as trackers. With this example, the bridging of the gap between the standard numeric algorithms (NA) used conventionally as optimum seeking tool, and the more flexible genetic algorithms (GA) is demonstrated. The need for using...

We present a new study of the high latitude galactic contributions to the millimeter sky, based on an analysis of theWMAP data combined with several templates of dust emission (DIRBE/COBE and FIRAS/COBE) and gas tracers (HI and Hα). To study the IR to millimeter properties of the diffuse sky at high galactic latitude, we concentrate on the emission correlated with the HI gas. We compute the emi...

Bake, B. and Grimby, G. (1974). Thorax, 29, 366-370. Regional ventilation and gas exchange after hemicorporectomy. Maximum expiratory flow volume curves, gas exchange, closing volume, and regional distribution of lung volumes and ventilation were measured in a young man after hemicorporectomy. The patient breathed at low lung volume, close to residual volume, and his total lung capacity was 63%...

Scattering of primary beam electrons off of residual gas molecules or blackbody radiation photons in the NLC main linac has been identified as a potential source of beam haloes which must be collimated in the beam delivery system. We consider the contributions from four scattering mechanisms: inelastic thermal-photon scattering, elastic beam-gas (Coulomb) scattering inelastic beam-gas (Bremsstr...

The influence of diaphragmatic position on abnormal gas exchange has been examined to investigate the theory that the impairment in gas exchange in anaesthetized man is caused by disturbance of diaphragmatic mechanics, resulting in abnormalities of dependent lung ventilation. A gas exchange abnormality, probably caused by airway closure in the dependent regions of the lung, was induced in anaes...

The removal of washed and standardized Escherichia coli from distilled-water suspension by foam separation with nitrogen gas and 30 mug/ml of ethylhexadecyldimethylammonium bromide surfactant was increased by increasing the gas rate from 4.3 to 9.3 liters per min and by lowering the port level at which foam was removed from 60.4 to 20.4 cm, but with concomitant increases in foam volumes. The co...