Abstract Intensive forestry operations may cause soil compaction, plastic disturbances and rutting, which are responsible for undesirable effects on soils, vegetation water bodies. Despite the numerous studies aimed to identify main factors affecting damages, it still remains unclear whether wood extraction methods driving direction (uphill or downhill) affect impacts of forest machines. This r...

The social organization of giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) imposes a high-cost reproductive strategy on bulls, which adopt a 'roving male' tactic. Our observations on wild giraffes confirm that bulls indeed have unsynchronized rut-like periods, not unlike another tropical megaherbivore, the elephant, but on a much shorter timescale. We found profound changes in male sexual and social activiti...

the effects of traffic frequency and skid trail slope on dry bulk density, litter mass and rutting are examined. treatments included a combination of four different traffic frequencies (3, 7, 14, and 20 passes of a rubber skidder) and three levels of slope ( 20%.) the results showed that dry bulk density, rut depth and soil displacement increased with the increase of traffic frequency and slope...

The effects of traffic frequency and skid trail slope on dry bulk density, litter mass and rutting are examined. Treatments included a combination of four different traffic frequencies (3, 7, 14, and 20 passes of a rubber skidder) and three levels of slope ( 20%.) The results showed that dry bulk density, rut depth and soil displacement increased with the increase of traffic frequency and slop...

Construction of flexible pavements with hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures consumes huge energy which impacts the resources and the environment of the world. Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is an effective alternative as they produced with lower mixing and compaction temperature than those used in HMA production. This technology decreases energy consumption, saves money, and reducing the environmental pollu...

This paper documents the effectiveness of a recycle-in-place (Remixer) process on US175, using results from GPR, FWD, PSPA, condition surveys (crack mapping) and laboratory testing. FWD and PSPA results indicate that the remixed sections are stiff, and the deflection values are in the range typically observed in the Interstate Highway system. This recycling process removes 38mm of AC and adds 2...

PURPOSE To prospectively study the incidence, mechanism, distribution of injury, and outcome of patients admitted to Al-Ain Hospital with camel bite injuries in Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates. METHODOLOGY All patients admitted to Al-Ain Hospital with a camel bite were prospectively studied during the period of October 2001-October 2007. Patient's demography, mechanism of injury including behavi...

The AASHTO Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) pavement performance models and the associated AASHTOWare® Pavement ME Design software are nationally calibrated using design inputs and distress data largely from the national Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP). Further calibration and validation studies are necessary for local highway agencies’ implementation by taking into acc...