BACKGROUND Common low back pain represents a major public health problem in terms of its direct cost to health care and its socio-economic repercussions. Ten percent of individuals who suffer from low back pain evolve toward a chronic case and as such are responsible for 75 to 80% of the direct cost of low back pain. It is therefore imperative to highlight the predictive factors of low back pai...

T cells triggered to blast transformation and proliferation by histoincompatible cells have the capacity of reverting "back" to lymphocytes. These "secondary" lymphocytes and their progeny cells are able to respond repeatedly to the same allogeneic stimulus in vitro.

OBJECTIVE Chronic low back pain represents a substantial cost to employers through benefits coverage and days missed due to incapacity. We sought to explore the effectiveness of Naturopathic care on chronic low back pain. METHODS This study was a randomized clinical trial. We randomized 75 postal employees with low back pain of longer than six weeks duration to receive Naturopathic care (n = ...

BACKGROUND Adult scoliosis is sometimes associated with back pain. Recently, the Peak™ Scoliosis Brace was designed to alleviate pain in adult patients with scoliosis. OBJECTIVES To test the efficacy of the Peak Scoliosis Brace in reducing pain in adult scoliosis patients. STUDY DESIGN Prospective experimental cohort study. METHODS A total of 20 adult females with back pain secondary to i...

BACKGROUND Although pain after back surgery is known to be difficult to control, various treatment options are available to patients and physicians. A protocol for a confirmatory randomized controlled trial (RCT) on pain and function after back surgery was designed based on the results of a pilot trial. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) ...

the built up layer thickness in secondary deformation zone is one of the important parameters in metal cutting process. the built up layer (bul) is formed in second deformation zone near the tool-chip interface in the back of the chip. this parameter influences the tool life and machined surface quality. this bul should not be confused with the built up edge (bue). the deformation of the bul in...

Electron irradiation of solids produces a backemission of secondary electrons (energies between 0 and 50 eV) and re ected primaries (energies between 50 eV and that of the incident beam). For insulators, it is shown that an externally applied positive electric eld penetrating into the solid material, energizes electrons generated by the primary irradiation and enables them to travel back to the...

Study selection Narrative systematic reviews, meta-analyses and randomised trials published in English were eligible if they assessed the effectiveness of primary or secondary care mental health interventions for chronic fatigue syndrome, irritable bowel syndrome or chronic back pain (where no physical cause was established). Eligible interventions included cognitive behavioural, cognitive, beh...