The organic matrix from normal and pimpled calcified chicken eggshells were dissociated into acid-insoluble, water-insoluble, and facultative-soluble (both acid- and water-soluble) components, to understand the influence of shell matrix on eggshell qualities. A linear correlation was shown among these 3 matrix components in normal eggshells but was not observed in pimpled eggshells. In pimpled ...

In the present study, vibration of cylindrical laminates with different layers and angles were studied. In order to actuate and polarize in radial direction, a piezoelectric layer was located at outer surface of composite shell. Laminates were assumed long enough so that plane strain state analysis in 2D can be used properly. In order to satisfy the boundary conditions, variables in terms of Fo...

The free vibration analysis of the functionally graded cylindrical shell panels  with and without cutout is carried out using the finite element method based on a higher-order shear deformation theory. A higher-order theory is used to properly account for transverse shear deformation. An eight noded degenerated isoparametric shell element with nine degrees of freedom at each node is considered....

An optimal design of internal pressurized stiffened conical shell is investigated using the genetic algorithm (GA) to minimize the structural weight and to prevent various types of stress and buckling failures. Axial compressive load is applied to the shell. Five stress and buckling failures as constraints are taken into account. Using the discrete elements method as well as the energy method, ...

Bimetallic platinum-copper nanoparticles on carbon support are studied as a perspective electrochemical catalyst by anomalous small-angle X-ray scattering near the Pt absorption L3-edge. The simultaneous fitting of several diffraction patterns measured at different photon energies lead to a satisfactory agreement between experimental and model curves in the assumption of core-shell structure of...

Shells are three-dimensional structures. One dimension, the thickness, is much smaller than the other two dimensions. Shell structures can be widely found in many real-world objects. This paper presents a method to construct a layered hexahedral mesh for shell objects. Given a closed 2-manifold and the user-specified thickness, we construct the shell space using the distance field and then para...

We show that although no actual mathematical shell model is explicitly used in ‘general shell element’ formulations, we can identify an implicit shell model underlying these nite element procedures. This ‘underlying model’ compares well with classical shell models since it displays the same asymptotic behaviours—when the thickness of the shell becomes very small—as, for example, the Naghdi mode...

the present study was carried out to investigate the replacement of soybean meal by different levels of canola meal (either with or without canola meal undergoing heat processing). two hundred forty commercial layer hens (lsl strain) at 54th week of age, selected based on the same egg production percentage and body weight. the experimental design was a crd, in a factorial arrangement of 4 repli...

In this paper we investigate the limit behavior of the solution to quasi-static Biot’s equations in thin poroelastic flexural shells as the thickness of the shell tends to zero and extend the results obtained for the poroelastic plate by Marciniak-Czochra and Mikelić in [16]. We choose Terzaghi’s time corresponding to the shell thickness and obtain the strong convergence of the three-dimensiona...

Tidal deformation of icy satellites provides crucial information on their subsurface structures. In this study, we investigate the parameter dependence of the tidal displacement and potential Love numbers (i.e., h2 and k2, respectively) of Ganymede. Our results indicate that Love numbers for Ganymede models without a subsurface ocean are not necessarily smaller than those with a subsurface ocea...