Introduction Radon is a colorless and tasteless gas which exists in most soils. It is a substance that poses a potential risk for lung cancer in case a person is exposed to high levels over long periods of time. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that 90% of lung cancers per year are caused by radon. The aim of this paper is to estimate the absorbed doses of 222Rn by MCNPX simu...

In order to examine the effectiveness of the application of static magnetic field (SMF) on pain relief, we performed a study on rats with adjuvant arthritis (AA). Sixty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (age: 6 weeks, body weight: approximately 160 g) were divided into three groups [SMF-treated AA rats (Group I), non-SMF-treated AA rats (Group II) and control rats (Group III)]. The SD rats were i...

Comparison of the production of pectin methylesterase (PME) by Aspergillus niger from apple pomace in solid-state (SSF) and submerged fermentation (SmF) was made for higher PME production. pH value of 4.0, incubation temperature of 25 °C and incubation period of 96 h were found optimum in both SSF and SmF, while optimum dilution levels were 1:3 and 1:6, respectively. Ammonium sulphate in SSF an...

Biological systems can respond to a wide range of static magnetic fields (SMF). Some of these responses seem to be mediated partly through free radical reactions. For example, in magnetic sense and navigation using the geomagnetic field, one of the most promising mechanisms for explaining magnetic compass is "a radical pair mechanism". Biological free radicals are most commonly oxygen or nitrog...

Mutants of Penicillium janthinellum NCIM 1171 were evaluated for cellulase production using both submerged fermentation (SmF) and solid state fermentation (SSF). Mutant EU2D-21 gave highest yields of cellulases in both SmF and SSF. Hydrolysis of Avicel and cellulose were compared using SmF and SSF derived enzyme preparations obtained from EU2D-21. Surprisingly, the use of SSF derived preparatio...

The effect static magnetic field (SMF)-exposure may exert on edema development has been investigated. A 6 h long whole-body (WBSMF) or local (LSMF), continuous, inhomogeneous SMF-exposure was applied on anesthetized mice in an in vivo model of mustard oil (MO)-induced ear edema. LSMF was applied below the treated ear, below the lumbar spine, or below the mandible. Ear thickness (v) was checked ...

The scalar median filter (SMF) is often used to reduce noise in scalar geophysical data. We present an extension of the SMF to a vector median filter (VMF) for suppressing noise contained in geophysical data represented by multidimensional, multicomponent vector fields. Although the SMF can be applied to each component of a vector field individually, the VMF is applied to all components simulta...

The number of flags in a complete fan, or more generally in an Eulerian poset, is encoded in the cd-index. We prove the non-negativity of the cd-index for complete fans, regular CW -spheres and Gorenstein* posets.