Assessment of the costs and benefits of dispersal is central to understanding species' life-history strategies as well as explaining and predicting spatial population dynamics in the changing world. While mortality during active movement has received much attention, few have studied the costs of passive movement such as the airborne transport of fungal spores. Here, we examine the potential of ...

considering that the effective yield of a panel is equal to its total number of hours of solar radiation and temperature, only the effects of temperature and solar radiation intensity at the maximum power point (mpp) are investigated in this article. by collecting temperature data, sun's radiation hours from six synoptic meteorological stations in kermanshah province over the course of an ...

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the performance of a novel indirect type free convection solar dryer. The and conventional passive dryer were built. Solar irradiation temperature different locations recorded. air at drying chamber entrance, lower space, upper space temperatures besides thermal efficiency 68, 39, 49 85%, respectively, higher than one.

Emerging technologies increase the needs on self efficient mobile robotic applications that bring a new concern of sustainable and continuous power supply for the robotic platforms. This paper covers the various techniques and technologies used to design a solar powered robot, exploring the currently available products, software and limitations to this application. The main aim is to integrate ...