The pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic aspects of language use vary across different situations, languages, and cultures. The separation of these two facets of language use can help to map out the socio-cultural norms and conventions as well as the linguistic forms and strategies that underlie the pragmatic performance of different language speakers in a variety of target language use situatio...

this paper reports the results of an experimental study on non-native production of english vowels. two groups of persian efl learners varying in language proficiency were tested on their ability to produce the nine plain vowels of american english. vowel production accuracy was assessed by means of acoustic measurements. ladefoged and maddison’s (1996) f1 f2 measurements for american english v...

objectives: the spontaneous language sample analysis is an important part of the language assessment protocol. language samples give us useful information about how children use language in the natural situations of daily life. the purpose of this study was to compare conversation, freeplay, and narrative speech in aspects of mean length of utterance (mlu), type-token ratio (ttr), and the numbe...

introduction: in early typical language development, children understand words before they are able to use them in speech. children with autism spectrum disorders (asd) generally show impairments in both the comprehension and the production of language. however, the relative degree of delay or impairment in each of these sub-domains may also be atypical and remains less well-understood. materia...

The present study investigated the use of L2 private speech by English foreign language (EFL) learners in regulating their mental activities. Thirty intermediate adult EFL learners took a test of solving challenging English riddles while their voices were being recorded. Following, instances of the produced private speech were analyzed in terms of form, content, and function. Numerous instances...

after finishing the collection of language elements which they wanted to restrict to the arabian peninsula, after organizing and categorizing them under deliberate subjects which include all the language aspects and finally after fulfilling all those scholastic stages, the syntax scholars found another scholastic stage which they felt obliged to deal with and this stage is ‘cause finding’. they...