The presence of the residual stresses in bone tissue has been noted and the authors have reported that there are residual stresses in bone tissue. The aim of our study is to measure the residual stress distribution in the cortical bone of the extremities of vertebrates and to describe the relationships with the osteon population density. The study used the rabbit limb bones (femur, tibia/fibula...

We estimate the rate of aftershocks triggered by a heterogeneous stress change, using the rate-and-state model of Dieterich [1994]. We show that an exponential stress distribution Pτ (τ) ∼ exp(−τ/τ0) gives an Omori law decay of aftershocks with time ∼ 1/t, with an exponent p = 1− Aσn/τ0, where A is a parameter of the rate-and-state friction law, and σn the normal stress. Omori exponent p thus d...

An elastic finite element analysis was conducted to evaluate the stress distribution in the initiation zone of the adhesive rupture during the 3-point bending test. This test is used to measure the adherence between a polyepoxy adhesive and aluminum alloy with different surface treatments. The purpose is to compare, in the high stress concentration areas, the stress fields calculated using fini...

S U M M A R Y Stress drop, a measure of static stress change in earthquakes, is the subject of numerous investigations. Stress drop in an earthquake is likely to be spatially varying over the fault, creating a stress drop distribution. Representing this spatial distribution by a single number, as commonly done, implies averaging in space. In this study, we investigate similarities and differenc...

Two variational closure models are proposed in order to describe stress distribution and arch formation in sandpiles located on a rigid base. The maximum strength and the maximum entropy closures are shown to yield the normal stress minimum below the pile apex. Stress distributions in sandpiles are determined numerically. The force uctuations in a model regular granular assembly are studied by ...

Gecko adhesion has inspired climbing robots and synthetic adhesive grippers. Distributing loads between patches of adhesive is important for maximum performance in gecko-inspired devices, but it is unknown how the gecko distributes loads over its toes. We report in vivo measurements of stress distributions on gecko toes. The results are significantly non-uniform. Gecko-inspired adhesives are se...

Introduction: The 52±6 ka old Lonar crater, India [1, 2], is the only known terrestrial impact crater in basaltic target-rocks (Deccan Traps, ~65 Ma). The impactor asteroid of this ~1.8 km diameter crater was perhaps a chondrite [3] that hit the pre-impact surface from east at an angle of 30-45 o with horizon [4]. Presently, we report the possible distribution of impact-induced stress around Lo...