Early warning signals of the coronary heart disease (CHD) risk of sugar (sucrose) emerged in the 1950s. We examined Sugar Research Foundation (SRF) internal documents, historical reports, and statements relevant to early debates about the dietary causes of CHD and assembled findings chronologically into a narrative case study. The SRF sponsored its first CHD research project in 1965, a literatu...

An investigation was conducted in the laboratory and glasshouse to assess the sulphur (S) supplyingability of the important soil forms of the sugar industry. The amount of S in the soil as measured by a 0,5N ammonium acetate extraction procedure, was compared with the availability ofS during continuouscroppingof sorghumin pots. The number ofcropsrequired to exhaust the reserves of S was fairly ...

I am particularly pleased to be able to join you all today at your 72nd Annual Congress, for both personal and professional reasons. The personal reason is that, although I worked for six years as a University lecturer not that far to the North of here, in Zambia and Congo (the former Zaire), this is my first visit to Durban, a city that I have heard so much about. The professional reason is th...

Since the nutrient survey of the South African sugar industry in 1970 little use has been made of analytical data for determining trends in soil fertility and plant nutnent uptake in the regional extension areas of the industry. This became possible in 1980 following computerisation of fertilizer recommendations by the Fertilizer Advisory Service (FAS)of the Experiment Station. Since then a dat...

A digital terrain model (DTM) is a representation of surface relief encoded in a format which can be analysed by computer. DTMs can be created using any data set which consists of a number of geographi_cal co-ordinates with an elevation or quantity attached to each position. Data which have been represented in this way are topography, meteorological statistics (e.g. rainfall, evaporation and te...

Demands for higher outputs have been met by careful tailoring of steam turbines for both mechanical and electrical power generation to meet the needs of thermal efficiency and reliability at an econoinic cost. Major system components and the methods chosen for speed control are described. Important operational requirements are featured.

The paper reviews the subjects of yield decline and the productivity plateau in the Australian sugar industry. Yield decline is an important production constraint estimated at costing between $200 and $400 million per year. A Joint Venture involving four research providers was established in 1993 to research yield .decline. The Joint Venture is taking a farming systems approach aimed at underst...

Abstract—This paper measures technical and scale efficiencies of 40 Indian sugar companies for the period from 2004-05 to 201314. The efficiencies are estimated through input-oriented DEA models using one output variable—value of output (VOP) and five input variables—capital cost (CA), employee cost (EMP), raw material (RW), energy & fuel (E&F) and other manufacturing expenses (OME). The sugar ...